2019—2020年烟台市食源性疾病流行病学特征分析

目的 分析2019—2020年烟台市食源性疾病流行病学特征,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。 方法 收集烟台市168家医院食源性疾病病例信息,对临床诊断、暴露食品及实验室检测信息进行分析。 结果 2019—2020年烟台市168家医院共报告食源性疾病病例104 516例,6-9月份最为高发(58.69%),发病年龄最多为55～64岁(18.30%)年龄组,其次为65～74岁(15.79%),职业以农民(60.38%)为主,暴露食品主要为水果类及其制品(30.79%)及水产动物及其制品(18.09%),发生场所以家庭为主(89.62%)。采集生物样本427份,检出各类病毒及致病菌81株(18.97%)。其中沙门氏菌35株,副溶血性弧菌20株,诺如病毒13株,致泻性大肠埃希菌12株。 结论 烟台市食源性疾病监测网络实现县乡村覆盖,监测数据能够更准确的反应食源性疾病发生情况。应根据本地食源性疾病流行病学特征,制定相应的防控措施,以降低食源性疾病的发生。

Epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases in Yantai City, 2019-2020

Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of foodborne diseases in Yantai City from 2019 to 2020, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control measures. Methods We collected the information about cases of foodborne diseases from 168 sentinel hospitals, and analyzed the data regarding clinical diagnosis, food exposure and laboratory testing. Results A total of 104,516 cases of foodborne diseases were reported by the 168 hospitals in Yantai City from 2019 to 2020. The high-incidence period of the diseases was from June to September (58.69%). The age group with the highest incidence was 55-64 years old (18.30%), followed by 65-74 years old (15.79%). The occupational distribution of the cases was dominated by farmers (60.38%). Fruits and their products (30.79%) and aquatic animal products (18.09%) were the main suspected foods. Most of the cases occurred in families (89.62%). 427 biological samples of the cases were collected, and 81 strains of viruses and pathogenic bacteria were detected (18.97%), including 35 strains of Salmonella, 20 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, 13 strains of norovirus, and 12 strains of diarrheal Escherichia coli. Conclusion The networked surveillance system for foodborne diseases in Yantai City has achieved a comprehensive coverage of urban, town and village areas, and the monitoring data can reflect the incidence of foodborne diseases more accurately. It is necessary to develop corresponding prevention and control measures according to the epidemiological characteristics of local cases of foodborne diseases so as to reduce the occurrence offoodborne diseases.