多源冶金粉尘资源化研究现状及展望

钢铁生产流程中产生了大量冶金粉尘,其中含有丰富的铁、碳、锌、铅和钾等元素,具有非常高的回收利用价值。基于多源冶金粉尘产生工序及成分组成,介绍现阶段冶金粉尘主要资源化工艺,包括水洗提盐富铁工艺、回转窑工艺、转底炉工艺、熔融还原工艺以及湿法深度资源化工艺,分析不同冶金粉尘资源化工艺流程和原理,讨论不同工艺应用的特点和局限性。基于冶金粉尘全量资源化理念,进一步展望多源冶金粉尘火法富集、湿法提取全量资源化工艺,为实现冶金粉尘深度高附加值利用、消除冶金粉尘二次污染提供参考。

Research status and prospect of multi-source metallurgical dust recycling

The production process of iron and steel produces a large amount of metallurgical dust, which is rich in iron, carbon, zinc, lead, potassium and other elements, and has very high recycling value. Based on the multi-source metallurgical dust production processes and composition, the main metallurgical dust recycling processes, including water washing salt extraction and iron enrichment process, rotary kiln process, rotary furnace process, melting reduction process and wet depth recycling process are introduced, the process and principle of different recycling processes are analyzed, and the characteristics and limitations of application are discussed. Based on the concept for full resource of metallurgical dust, the full resource process of fire enrichment and wet extraction of multi-source metallurgical dust is further prospected, which provides a reference for realizing the deep and high value-added utilization of metallurgical dust and eliminating its secondary pollution.