海底特长隧道利用横通道控烟技术研究

摘 要：为了解决特长海底隧道发生火灾时的排烟问题，提出利用服务通道和联络横通道辅助送风的通风方案。利用火灾动力学模拟软件（FDS），建立隧道火灾通风模型，通过研究通风排烟时服务隧道内补风量与横通道开启数量对火灾烟气的控制效果，确定通风系统的技术参数。结果表明：火灾发生时，事故隧道内纵向通风风速2 m/s，同时开启火源上游3 个横通道，并在服务隧道两端各施加1.3 m/s 纵向通风风速，既可将烟气控制在火源一侧，同时不影响人员安全疏散，其控烟效果与通风网络解算结果一致。采用横通道辅助送风的通风方案，控制特长海底隧道内火灾烟气蔓延是具有理论可行性的。

Study on smoke control technology by using cross passage in extra-long submarine tunnel

Abstract: In order to solve the smoke exhaust problem of extra-long subsea tunnel in fire, a ventilation scheme using service tunnel and cross passage to assist air supply is proposed. In this paper, fire dynamics simulation software (FDS) is used to establish the tunnel fire ventilation model. The technical parameters of the ventilation system are determined by studying the control effect of the air volume in service tunnel and the number of cross passage openings on the fire smoke. As a result, in the fire scenario, when the longitudinal ventilation wind speed in the accident tunnel is 2 m/s, three cross passages in upstream of the fire source are opened, and 1.3 m/s longitudinal ventilation wind speed is applied at both ends of the service tunnel, the smoke can be controlled on one side of the fire source without affecting the safety evacuation of personnel. The research shows that it is feasible in theory to control the spread of fire smoke in extra-long subsea tunnel by using cross-passage assisted ventilation scheme.