不同速度下台阶对膝关节压力的影响

目的：研究不同速度下台阶对膝关节压力的影响,为运动健身和损伤预防提供生物力学支持.方法：对10名男性普通大学生分别以48、60、72、84、96、108步/分、慢速跑、中速跑、快速跑,这9种速度下台阶时膝关节峰值力和屈曲角度等进行分析.结果：随着下台阶速度的增大,膝关节垂直和水平方向的峰值力均不断增大.以中跑速度下台阶时膝关节所受的垂直方向的峰值力显著增大.以慢跑速度下台阶时膝关节所受的前后方向的峰值力显著增大.以快跑速度下台阶时膝关节垂直方向峰值力超过两倍的体重.同一速度下台阶,左右膝关节峰值力无显著性差异.随着下台阶速度的增加,峰值力时刻膝关节的屈曲角度不断增加.结论：膝关节负荷随着下台阶速度的增大而增大.膝关节屈曲幅度随着下台阶速度的增大而增大.同一速度下台阶时,右膝关节负荷较左膝关节大,但无统计学差异.

Influence of Downstairs Speed on the Pressure of Human Knee Joint

Objective:The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of downstairs speed on the pressure of knee joint. Method: Ten male college students were chosen as the subjects. They went downstairs in 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108 (steps/min) , slow running, moderate running, fast running separately. The peak force and angles of the knees were collected and analyzed. Result: With the increase of the downstairs speed, the vertical and horizontal peak force of the knee joints increased. The vertical peak force of the knee joints increased significantly with moderate speed running. The horizontal peak force of the knee joints increased obviously with slow running. The vertical peak force of the knee joints was more than the double weight with fast running. The peak force was no significant difference between the left and right knees when going downstairs with the same speed. With the increase of the downstairs speed, the peak flexion angles of the knee joints increased. Conclusion: With the increase of downstairs speed, the load and flexion range of the knee joint increase. The load of the right knee is greater than that of the left knee.