蚌埠市2010～2011年食品化学性污染物及有害因素调查评估

目的了解蚌埠市食品化学性污染物及有害因素的状况。方法在蚌埠市区及固镇县湖沟镇建立食品化学性污染物及有害因素定点监测网点，采用随机抽样原则，采集15类食品，对重金属、黄曲霉毒素M1、农药残留、食品添加剂、二氧化硫、亚硝酸盐等化学污染物检测。结果2010—2011年共监测15类食品共计602件，食品中铅、镉、汞合格率分别为100．00％、96．65％、95．83％，猪肾中镉含量较高，均值0．76mg／kg；蔬菜食用菌有机磷、有机氯、拟除虫菊酯检出率分别为13．33％、1．66％、100．00％，无超标样品；乳及乳制品黄曲霉毒素M1均低于检测下限；炒货中的糖精钠、蜜饯中的甜蜜素、酱腌制蔬菜中的苯甲酸超标率分别为20．00％、70．00％、50．00％；面制品铝超标率55．50％；白瓜子二氧化硫残留100．00％检出，80．oo％超标。结论蚌埠市食品中重金属、农药残留和黄曲霉毒素M1污染较轻，炒货、蜜饯、酱腌制蔬菜食品添加剂滥用严重，铝膨松剂超标使用，白瓜子漂白致使二氧化硫残留超标。提示有关部门应加大食品监管力度和技术指导，重点加强炒货、蜜饯、酱腌制蔬菜和面制品中的食品添加剂以及白瓜子二氧化硫残留的监测工作。

Evaluation on chemical pollutants and harmful factors of food in Bengbu city, 2010 -2011

Objective To know the state of chemical pollutants and harmful factors of food in Bengbu. Method Ran- dom sampling principle was adopted, and fixed monitoring networks were set up to investigate chemical pollutants and harm- ful factors of food in Bengbu＇s downtown and Hugou town of Guzhen county. Chemical pollutants such as heavy metal, afla- toxin M1, pesticide residues, food additive, sulfur dioxide, nitrite were detected. Results We monitored 15 kinds of foods with the number of samples amounting 602 in 2010 - 2011. They were summarized as follows： the qualified rate of lead, cadmium and mercury in food were 100.00%, 96.65% and 95.83% respectively. The content of cadmium in pig kidney was high, with mean value of O. 760mg/kg. The detection rates of organophosphorus, organochlorine, pyrethroid in vegetables and edible fungus were 13.33%, 1.66%, and 10.00%, which were in agreement with standard values. The af- latoxin M1 in both milk and dairy products was below detection limits. The saccharin sodium in roasted seeds and nuts, the sodium cyclamate in candied fruits, the benzoic acid in salted vegetables were over the standard value by 20.00%, 70.0% and 50.00%, respectively. The aluminum in flour product was larger than the standard value by 55.50%. All pumpkin seeds were detected with sulfur dioxide residue, among which 80.00% surpassed the standard value. Conclusion The pollution extents in food arising from heavy metals, pesticide residues and aflatoxin M1 were relatively slight. There was a serious abuse of food additives in roasted seeds and nuts, candied fruit, salted vegetable. Use of bulking agent aluminum is more than the standard value, and so did the sulfur dioxide residue in pumpkin seeds due to bleaching. The relevant depart- ments should enhance food supervision and technical guidance, emphasize was monitoring work in food additives among roasted seeds and nuts, candied fruits, salted vegetables and sulfur dioxide residues of pumpkin seeds.