上海市典型交通环境空气污染特征

基于2018年上海市3种类型的交通环境空气监测站（路边站，港口站和机场站）的在线监测数据，探讨了3种交通站污染物的浓度水平和昼夜分布特征，比较分析了同期上海市环境空气污染物浓度，并揭示了工作日和非工作日对交通环境空气的影响.结果显示，上海市交通环境空气，尤其是港口环境空气中NO_x，NO₂和NO年小时平均浓度显著高于上海市年小时平均浓度；其中NO高出上海市年小时平均浓度比例最高，港口，路边和机场环境空气NO浓度分别为68，36和17μg/m³，分别高出上海市年小时平均浓度871%，414%和143%；交通环境空气中的O₃平均浓度范围为42~65μg/m³，均低于上海市平均浓度.NO_x，NO₂，NO，PM₁₀，PM_2.5，CO和BC（黑炭）昼夜浓度主要呈现双峰分布特征，且峰值出现时间与交通活动高峰时间较为吻合；O₃的峰值大多出现在13：00，且机场环境空气浓度中O₃浓度最高，峰值浓度为108μg/m³.非参数检验结果显示，上海市路边环境空气中SO₂，NO_x，NO₂，NO，PM₁₀，PM_2.5，O₃，CO和BC在周一~周日无明显差异（P>0.05）.

Study on characteristics of typical traffic environment air pollution in shanghai

Based on the online monitoring data of three types of traffic environment air monitoring stations (roadside station, port station and airport station) in Shanghai in 2018, concentration levels and diurnal-noctural distribution characteristics of pollutants in three traffic stations were discussed. The concentrations of ambient air pollutants in Shanghai during the same period were compared and analyzed, and the effects of week days and weekend were revealed. The results showed that the airborne NO_x, NO₂ and NO of traffic environment air are higher than the average concentrations in Shanghai, and concentrations in the port environment is the highest; The average concentration of NO in the ambient air of ports, roadsides and airports were 68, 36 and 17μg/m³, respectively, which are higher than the average concentration of Shanghai by 871%, 414% and 143%; The average concentration of O₃ ranged from 42 to 65 μg/m³, which was lower than the hourly-average concentration in Shanghai. NO_x, NO₂, NO, PM₁₀, PM_2.5, CO and BC (black charcoal) daytime and nighttime concentrations mainly showed bimodal distribution characteristics. Their peak occurrences time coincided with the peak traffic activities; the peak of O₃ mostly occurred at 13:00, and the concentration of O₃ in the airport ambient air concentration was the highest, which was 108μg/m³. The results of nonparametric tests showed that SO₂, NO_x, NO₂, NO, PM₁₀, PM_2.5, O₃, CO and BC in atmosphere near-road in Shanghai were not significantly different from Monday to Sunday (P>0.05).