强烈地震下农村砌体结构墙体重要性与抗震评定

为了明确强烈地震中农村砌体结构不同构件的重要性差异,从而有针对性地采取措施使结构抗震评定与加固维修更合理,以中国农村典型砌体结构为研究对象,从静力响应和动力响应的角度,分析了地震影响系数、构造柱(圈梁)设置、墙体平立面位置、地震波频谱特性及地震波持时对墙体重要性的影响,并将墙体重要性系数引入农村砌体结构的抗震评定。研究结果表明:随着地震影响系数的增加,受拉区墙体的重要性增大,受压区墙体的重要性减小; 地震影响系数较小时,设置构造柱、圈梁砌体结构墙体比未设置构造柱、圈梁的墙体重要性大,反之亦然; 同一平面位置的墙体受压重要性随楼层从上到下增大; 地震峰值强度、频谱特性和持续时间等动力参数对墙体重要性系数均有一定的影响,但地震动加速度峰值是墙体抗剪重要度最主要的影响因素; 在农村砌体结构房屋的抗震评定中,引入墙体的重要性系数,能明确砌体结构房屋中的关键墙体。

Importance and Seismic Evaluation of Rural Masonry Structure Wall Under Strong Earthquake

In order to clarify the importance differences of different masonry structure elements in rural areas under strong earthquake, and thus take targeted measures to make the structural seismic evaluation and reinforcement maintenance more reasonable, the typical masonry structure in rural areas of China was taken as the research object, the influences of seismic influence coefficient, structural column(ring beam)setting, wall elevation position, seismic wave spectrum characteristics, and seismic wave duration on the importance of the wall were analyzed from the angle of static response and dynamic response, and wall importance coefficient was introduced into the seismic evaluation of rural masonry structures. The study results show that with the increase of earthquake influence coefficient, the importance of wall in the tension area increases, while that in the compression area decreases. When the seismic influence coefficient is small, the wall with the constructional column and the ring beam is more important than that without the structural column and ring beam, and vice versa. In the same plane position, the importance of wall compression increases from floor top to floor bottom. The dynamic parameters, such as seismic peak intensity, frequency spectrum characteristics, and duration, have a certain influence on the wall importance coefficient, but the peak ground motion acceleration is still the most critical factor affecting the wall shear importance. In the seismic evaluation of rural masonry structure buildings, the introduction of the importance coefficient of walls can make clear the critical walls in masonry structure buildings.