基于能量效率的非均匀分簇无线传感器路由算法

自然环境中的监控节点分布具有天然的不均匀性，如南方有大量水塘的区域，典型的层次路由协议普遍存在节点分簇中的“热区”情况．针对这种监控对象特点，为了提高能量效率确保区域覆盖的有效性和时效性，本文提出了一种改进的非均匀分簇无线传感器网络路由算法．改进算法首先结合节点分布密度优化簇头选举，再对簇的竞争半径进行控制实现非均匀分簇，然后由各簇头计算距离系数和离散系数来确定各簇内部通信方式，最后在簇头之间采用单跳和多跳结合的传输机制．模拟实验结果表明，改进算法能较好地提高网络的能量效率，能显著地延长网络整体的生存时间．

An improved uneven for uneven regional clustering wireless sensor routing algorithm

Monitoring nodes distributed in the natural environment with natural inhomogeneities （such as the South area of the pond） and widespread clustering nodes ＂hot zone＂, while the typical hierarchical routing protocols. This paper presents an improved non-uniform sub-cluster wireless sensor network routing algorithm for this monitoring object characteristics, in order to improve energy efficiency to ensure the effectiveness and timeliness of regional coverage. Improved algorithm firstly generate by optimizing the cluster head according to the density of nodes; then control the competitive radius of unequal cluster; after that, calculate the distribution coefficient of the cluster which is away from the gateway so as to determine the different forms of communication within the cluster; finally, use the transmission mechanism combined with single-hop and the multi-hop between the head of cluster. The simulation studies show that the improved algorithm can improve the energy efficiency of the network better, thus prolong the life of the entire wireless sensor network significantly.