一种保留哺乳功能的乳头内陷矫正术研究

目的:探索一种保留育龄期孕前患者哺乳功能的乳头内陷矫正方法。方法:临床纳入乳头内陷程度为Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型的孕前育龄患者各60例,随机分为Ⅰ型手术组、Ⅰ型对照组、Ⅱ型手术组及Ⅱ型对照组各30例。手术组孕前进行手术,并佩戴矫正器6个月,对照组不予手术处理。同时以乳头发育正常的30例孕前育龄者作为正常组。纳入成功妊娠、生产并尝试哺乳患者,统计乳头高度,母乳喂养情况,乳头皲裂及乳腺炎的发生情况。结果:对于Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型患者,手术组术后即刻及孕晚期,其乳头高度相对术前及对照组均有显著性改善(P0.01),母乳喂养4个月成功率显著提高(P0.05),乳头皲裂和乳腺炎的发生率显著降低(P0.05),且除Ⅱ型患者的术后乳头高度外,与正常组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:对于Ⅰ型及Ⅱ型乳头内陷,佩戴乳头内陷矫正器除可增加乳头高度外,可在保留哺乳功能的同时,降低产后乳头皲裂和乳腺炎发生率。

The research of nipple inversion plastic surgery that reserve feeding function

Objective To study nipple inversion plastic surgery which can keep feeding function of patients in reproductive progestational stage. Methods The participants with I or II type nipple inversion （60 cases for each type） were random assigned to type I intervention group, type I control group, type II intervention group and type II control group （30 cases in each cohort）. In intervention groups, patients underwent an operation when the inverted nipples were fixed with retractors and stay for six months. The control groups did not undergo any surgery. Thirty progestational women with normal nipples were taken as normal group. The participants with successful breeding and breast feeding trials were taken into account. Nipples height, rate of intact feeding, rate of nipple fissure and mastitis were recorded. Results Compared to their counterpart in control group, nipples height of patients under intervention with I or II type inverted nipples significantly improved （P〈0.01）, rate of intact feeding for more than four months were obviously higher （P〈0.05）, and the incidences of nipple fissure and mastitis decreased remarkably （P〈0.05）. The indexes, apart from height of II type inverted nipples, in intervention group were of no significant difference compared with healthy control group after surgery （P〉O.05）. Conclusion For I or II type inverted nipples, besides the increment of nipple height, the treatment with nipples retractors could reduce the incidences of nipple fissure and mastitis without affect feeding function.