Quantification of seasonal soil nitrogen mineralization for corn production in eastern Canada |
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Authors: | Tian-Yun Wu B. L. Ma B. C. Liang |
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Affiliation: | (1) Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre (ECORC), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Central Experimental Farm, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1A 0C6;(2) Environmental Canada, 19th Floor, Place Vincent Massey, 351 St. Joseph Blvd., Hull, QC, Canada, K1A 0H3 |
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Abstract: | Precise estimation of soil nitrogen (N) supply to corn (Zea mays L.) through N mineralization plays a key role in implementing N best management practices for economic consideration and environmental sustainability. To quantify soil N availability to corn during growing seasons, a series of in situ incubation experiments using the method of polyvinyl chloride tube attached with resin bag at the bottom were conducted on two typical agricultural soils in a cool and humid region of eastern Canada. Soil filled tubes were retrieved at 10-d intervals within 2 months after planting, and at 3- to 4-week intervals thereafter until corn harvest. Ammonium and nitrate in the soil and resin part of the incubation tubes were analyzed. In general, there was minimal NH4+-N with ranges from 1.5 to 7.3 kg N ha−1, which was declined in the first 30 d and fluctuated thereafter. Nitrate, the main form of mineral N, ranged from 20 to 157 kg N ha−1. In the first 20–50 d, main portion of the NO3−-N was in the soil and thereafter in the resin, reflecting the movement of NO3− in the soil, which was affected by rainfall events and amount. Total mineralized N was affected by soil total N and weather conditions: There was more total mineralized N in the soil with higher total N, and rainy weather stimulated N mineralization. The relationship between the accumulated mineral N and accumulated growing degree-days (GDD) fitted well into first order kinetic models. The accumulated mineralized soil N during corn growing season ranged from 96 to 120 kg N ha−1, which accounted for 2–3% of soil total N. Corn plants took up 110–137 kg N ha−1. While the mineralized N and crop uptake were in the same magnitude, a quantitative relationship between them could not be established in this study. |
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Keywords: | Crop management Maize In situ N mineralization N cycling Zea mays |
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