肥大细胞源性外来体参与构建针刺穴位效应启动小网络的探讨

外来体是由细胞分泌的囊泡小体,是囊泡运输的常见形式,参与细胞间信息交流。国内外现有研究和本课题组前期工作表明,针刺效应的产生与穴位局部神经、肥大细胞及相关信号分子等因素相关。外来体参与神经细胞信息传递、肥大细胞功能活动、信号分子释放等生理功能。基于外来体与神经、肥大细胞、信号分子的密切关系,我们认为针刺引起穴位局部肥大细胞释放的外来体是针刺穴位初始效应的关键因素之一,在神经-肥大细胞-信号分子的网络联系中具有信使作用。

Mast Cell-derived Exosome Participates in Acupoint-stimulation Initiated Local Network Activities

The exosome,released from mast cells,T cells,B cells and many other types of cells,is the common form of vesicle transportation between cells and participates in the exchange of information between cells,and may be also involved in acupuncture induced clinical effects.In the present paper,the authors reviewed recent development of researches on this field from 1)acupuncture stimulation induces changes of number and function of mast cells in the local acupoint area,probably being the key factor for initiating acupuncture effect;2)acupuncture stimulation induces release of neurotransmitters,hormones,cytokines,Ca2+,etc.,in the local acupoint region,possibly being closely associated with the production of clinical effects;3)acupuncture stimulation results in excitation of sensory afferent nerve fibers,triggering neuro-regulation;4)exosomes derived from mast cells contain multiple neurotransmitters,hormones,cytokines,etc.to activate immune cells and sensory afferent fibers,inducing immuno-regulation and neuro-regulation;and 5)acupuncture stimulation induced release of Ca2+,ATP,etc.may potentiate release and transportation of exosomes.However,current researches are lack of excavation of network connection and transformation from basic research to clinical application.The authors hold that the exosome,released from mast cells by needling acupoints,acts as a messenger in network connection of nerve-mast cell-signal molecule in the body and may be one of the key factors of therapeutic effects.