环境可持续集装箱班轮运输管理研究综述

集装箱班轮运输业如何在追求成本经济性和服务可靠性的同时做好环境可持续性，对航运企业、港口运营商以及政府组织都提出了新的挑战。围绕集装箱班轮运输在环境层面实现可持续发展的目标，本文分别从战略、战术和运营等3个层面就措施、技术和规章制度等所做的研究进行文献综述、分析发展趋势。战略层面，从市场减排机制和政策的制定、绿色政策、...

A Review of Environmentally Sustainable Container Liner Shipping Management

The ever- tightening requirements on container shipping management pose a new challenge to shipping companies, port operators and governmental agencies on how to maintain high quality services and benefits while the development of it is to be environmentally sustainable. This paper reviews the methods, technologies and regulations relevant to environmental sustainability of container liner shipping from the strategic, tactical and operational perspectives and identifies the future trends of this research topic. The strategic level review discusses the mechanisms and policies of emissions mitigation, green policies, technologies, measures, and corporate collaboration and competition regarding environmental sustainability of container liner shipping. At the tactical level, optimizing liner shipping, pre-scheduling green liner shipping and establishing emissions control areas in the literature are analyzed with a focus on minimizing fuel consumption and emissions. The operational level review investigates the operations of container loading/unloading and green-responsive liner shipping. The review of the literature at the three levels indicates that the focus areas of the existing research are closely related to the industrial standards and governmental policies on environment. The research on tactical decision-making in the literature is much richer than the research on the strategic and operational issues. Most of the literature takes the shipping company as the major decision maker. The recommendations of this paper include: (1) continue to incorporate multiple objectives in liner shipping optimization and consider the economic, environmental and social factors to achieve a sustainable development of liner shipping; (2) establish scientific problems from the practice of liner shipping, which is significantly affected by the policies of governments, International Maritime Organization (IMO) and the global economic atmosphere; (3) consider global supply chains in the study of the environmentally sustainable container liner shipping problem; (4) explore the technological and operational methods to encourage the sustainable development of linear shipping; (5) borrow the ideas or concepts of green development of other transport modes to promote the environmentally sustainable development of liner shipping.