铝合金轴心受压构件局部整体相关稳定试验研究

铝合金轴压构件局部与整体相关稳定性能,在国内外尚无系统的研究。为此,该文对12根铝合金6061-T6和6063-T5工形截面轴心受压构件的局部整体相关稳定性能进行试验研究,包括其破坏形式、变形性能以及极限承载力等。将试验结果与中国规范、欧洲规范、美国规范和澳大利亚/新西兰规范计算结果进行对比分析,验证各规范设计方法的可靠性。采用有限元软件ANSYS对试验结果进行模拟计算。研究结果表明：有限元模型能够准确地计算铝合金轴压构件的承载力,可以应用在下一步的参数分析中;各国规范设计方法对弱硬化合金承载力计算的准确程度优于强硬化合金;美规和澳规对弱硬化合金极限承载力的计算较准确,但是对强硬化合金的计算偏于保守;中国规范和欧规分别考虑局部失稳和整体失稳,并将两者的影响进行叠加,计算结果过于保守。因此,需要调整中国规范中的参数,以得到更加合理的设计。

Experimental study on local-overall interactive buckling behaviors of aluminum alloy columns under axial compression

Systematic studies on local-overall interactive buckling behaviors of aluminum alloy members under axial compression haven’t been carried out at home and abroad. In this study, 12 specimens of 6061-T6 and 6063-T5 aluminum alloy columns with I-shaped cross sections were tested under axial compression to study their local-overall interactive buckling behaviors, including the failure modes, deformation behavior and ultimate bearing capacity. To validate the reliability of design standards in different countries, calculation results according to these design standards were compared with test results. Additionally, the finite element software ANSYS was employed to simulate the tests. Results show that the finite element models can accurately predict the bearing capacity of aluminum alloy members under axial compression. The accuracies of these design methods for weak hardening alloy are better than those for strong hardening alloy. American and Australian/New Zealand standards may give more accurate results for weak hardening alloy, but the calculation results are conservative for strong hardening alloy. In Chinese and European standards, the local buckling and overall buckling are considered separately and then superposed, which results in very conservative results. Therefore, it is recommended that the parameters in Chinese standards should be adjusted or revised to provide more accurate designs.