稻壳基二氧化硅/碳复合材料的表面改性及对天然橡胶的影响

以稻壳基二氧化硅/碳复合材料(SiCB)作为天然橡胶(NR)的补强填料, 采用表面化学改性的方法将天然乳胶(NRL)接枝到SiCB表面, 改善其与NR基体的相容性. 研究了不同处理方法对接枝NRL效率的影响, 以及填料填入NR后对硫化橡胶力学性能的影响. 结果表明, 经过硝酸和γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷(γ-MPTMS)预处理, NRL能高效接枝在SiCB表面, 得到的样品SiCB_MR10比未处理的SiCB_P有更强的补强能力. 硫化胶NR/SiCB_MR10的拉伸强度、 300%定伸和撕裂强度较NR/SiCB_P分别提高了61.06%, 27.15%和15.90%, 与传统炭黑产品N774填充的硫化胶NR/N774的力学性能相近. 经过NRL接枝改性的SiCB_MR10具有替代商业炭黑的应用前景.

Surface Modification of Silica/carbon Black Derived from Rice Husks and Its Influence on Natural Rubber Composites†

Surface modification of silica/carbon black(SiCB) derived from rice husks was carried out by grafting with natural rubber latex(NRL). The effect of different pre-treatments on the grafting efficiency was investigated and the mechanical properties of NR/NRL-grafted SiCB vulcanizates were tested. The results indicated that the SiCB pre-treated by nitric acid and 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate(γ-MPTMS) can be effectively grafted with NRL via the strong interfacial bonding. The above modified SiCB(SiCB_MR10) exhibited good dispersion state and superior reinforcement ability, attributed to the use of NRL as a compatibilizer for filler-matrix composites. The tensile strength, stress at 300% elongation and tear strength of NR/SiCB_MR10 were 61.06%, 27.15% and 15.90% higher than those of NR/SiCB_P, respectively. The modified SiCB_MR10 achieved the similar reinforcement with the conventional carbon black(N774) in mechanical properties of NR vulcanizate. The results showed that SiCB_MR10 exhibited an ideal reinforcing effect on rubber.