miRNA参与肿瘤基因表达调控研究进展

调查表明,我国城乡居民恶性肿瘤死亡率属于世界较高水平,而且呈持续的增长趋势。近年来的研究发现在肿瘤的发生与发展过程中涉及到多种因素,其中mi RNA可能扮演了重要的作用。mi RNA是一种长度约为22 nt的非编码短序列RNA,通过介导特异性的基因沉默导致靶m RNA降解,促使相应蛋白质的转译受阻而失去原有编码蛋白质的功能。mi RNA在细胞分裂周期中影响着基因的表达调控,在此过程中基因表达的失控就可能导致疾病的发生。而肿瘤的发生是以细胞恶变为基础,细胞恶变则是与细胞周期调控因素失衡相关,由此提示了一些mi RNA可能参与了肿瘤的发生、发展过程并在其中发挥了重要作用。随着研究的深入,mi RNA逐渐成为肿瘤诊治的新研究方向。本文主要讨论mi RNA在肿瘤基因表达调控方面的研究进展。

Advances in the Research of Correlation between miRNAand gene Regulation in Tumor

The results of the survey demonstrate that the malignant tumor mortality of urban and rural residents belongs to thehigher level and the continued growth trend in our country. In recent years, researches has found that miRNA plays an important role inthe process of the occurrence and development of tumor. MiRNA is a kind of small non-coding RNA with about 22 nucleotides, whichparticipates in regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional leve1.Post-transcriptional silencing of target genes by miRNA occurseither by targeting specific cleavage of mRNA or by targeting specific protein synthesis. MiRNA can regulate the gene expression in cellcycles, which dysfunction often lead to human disease. The occurrence of tumor is based on cell malignant transformation, which isrelated to the regulating factor of cell cycle unbalanced. This suggesting that some miRNAs may participate in the occurrence anddevelopment process of tumor and play a key role.With the deepening of the research, miRNA will become the new direction fordiagnosis and treatment of tumor. In this review, I will discuss the progress in the study on miRNA in gene regulation of cancer.