加入WTO对水利利用外资结构的影响

通过对水利利用外资现状的分析，阐述了加入WTO对水利利用外资结构的影响。水利利用外资的主要来源是世行贷款，主要安排的项目是防洪、灌溉等以社会效益为主的甲类项目。加入WTO对水利利用外资结构的影响有：①有利于促进水利利用外资方式及范围的多元化；②水利利用外资区域迅速扩大；③有利于提高水利行业利用民间投资和外资的深度和广度。为克服一些外资投资的不良影响，必须优化水利利用外资结构，可采取以下措施：①加大世行及其他国际金融组织贷款的力度；②加大水利利用外资的市场机制运作，规范政策指导；③根据水利产业的投资偏好，选择具体的外资投资主体。水利利用外资应建立在充分利用内资的基础之上，将外资投向建设资金短缺的中西部地区和经济效益明显的水利项目上去。加入WTO后，水利行业应以灵活的策略加快对外资流向的引导，真正实现外资在经济活动中的示范效应。

Impacts on Foreign Funds Utilization Structure of Water Sector after Joining WTO

The paper expounds the impacts on foreign funds utilization structure of water sector after joining WTO through analysis on the present status of foreign funds utilization. The main sources of foreign funds in water sector are from the World Bank. The projects are mainly class A projects of taking social benefits as the main, such as flood control and irrigation. After joining WTO, the impacts on foreign funds utilization structure in water sector are as follows: a) it is advantageous in promoting multi-outlet methods and limits of foreign funds utilization in water sector. b) The regions of foreign funds utilization can be quickly expanded. c) It is advantageous in deepening and enlarging non-governmental investment and foreign funds utilization in water sector. In order to overcome some adverse effects on foreign investment, the structure of foreign funds utilization in water sector should be optimized. The following measures can be adopted: a) to increase the momentum of loans from the World Bank and other international financial organizations. b) To strengthen the operation of marketing mechanism and guidance of standard policies on foreign funds utilization. c) To select specific main investment of foreign funds according to the partiality of investment of water industry. The foreign funds utilization should be operated based on the conditions of fully utilized domestic funds and invest foreign funds to the central and west regions of China where shortage of funds and water projects that have remarkable economic benefits. After joining WTO, the water sector should speed up the guidance of foreign funds flow with flexible tactics and really realize the pilot effects of foreign funds in economic activities.