新型甲型H1N1流感患者体内病毒载量与胸部CT表现的关系

目的 观察新型甲型H1N1流感(简称甲型流感)患者体内病毒载量与胸部CT表现的动态变化,探讨病毒载量与胸部CT表现对甲型流感的诊断、鉴别诊断及指导治疗的价值.方法 收集2009年5-12月深圳市第三人民医院收治的51例甲型H1N1流感核酸检测阳性的患者,均符合卫生部颁布的"甲型H1N1流感诊断标准",均行胸部X线及CT扫描(含高分辨率CT)并测定体内病毒载量.根据CT影像检查有否肺炎征象将甲型流感患者分为肺炎组31例和非肺炎组20例,观察胸部CT所见与病毒载量变化的关系.结果 (1)甲型流感肺炎组患者胸部CT主要表现为片状实变影,早期和吸收期表现为磨玻璃影,双肺散在小叶性或节段性阴影,以下肺叶多见,左下肺叶明显,可伴有纵隔淋巴结肿大,肺实质、肺间质及胸膜可同时受累;(2)发病甲期患者体内病毒载量高,肺炎组病毒载量的均值为7.7拷贝/ml,非肺炎组为4.2拷贝/ml;抗病毒治疗4 d(病程第6天)病毒核酸开始转阴;(3)3例肺炎患者中2例病毒核酸转阴时间快于胸部CT病灶吸收时间,而1例年幼患者的病毒核酸转阴时间明显延长.结论 甲型流感合并肺炎患者的病毒载量明显高于未合并肺炎的患者;动态观察甲型流感合并感肺炎患者的影像学表现及病毒载量的变化,有利于对甲型流感患者进行及时有效的治疗.

The relationship between chest CT findings and viral load in patients with novel influenza A( H1N1 )

Objective To evaluate the value of chest CT findings and dynamic changes of viral load in patients with novel influenza A (H1N1) infection in clinical diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment Methods Fifty-one patients with confirmed novel influenza A (H1N1) according to the diagnostic criteria of the Ministry of Health, received chest X-ray, CT scans (HRCT) and viral load tests in our hospital from May to December of 2009. Based on whether there were signs of pneumonia in CT imaging,the patients were divided into a pneumonia group (n = 31 ) and a non-pneumonia group (n = 20). The relationship between chest CT changes and viral load was observed and analyzed statistically using SPSS 10. 5 software. Results Patchy consolidations of lungs were the main findings in pneumonia group with influenza A( H1N1 )infection, and ground-glass opacities were the main CT findings at acute and convalescent phases.Lobular and segmental shadows of the lungs were diffusely distributed, mostly found in lower lungs,especially the left lung. In some cases, the lung diseases were accompanied with mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Co-existence of pulmonary parenchymal, interstitial and pleural diseases was observed.Peak viral load occurred at the early phase of illness, with the mean initial viral load being 7.7 copies/ml and 4. 2 copies/ml in the pneumonia and the non-pneumonia groups respectively. The viral nucleic acid became negative 4 days after antiviral treatment (course of 6 days). Dynamic observation of 3 patients with novel influenza A (H1N1 ) pneumonia showed that, the viral clearance period preceded the absorption of lung lesions in 2 cases, but viral clearance period of a young patient was significantly prolonged. ConclusionIn patients with the novel influenza A (H1N1) infection, the viral load in the pneumonia group was significantly higher than that in the group with normal chest imaging. Dynamic observation on chest imaging and viral load may be beneficial for clinicians to start prompt and effective treatment.