大样本数据模型方法在中小河流流量测验中的应用

目前大部分中小河流采用传统流量测验方法,如流速仪法、浮标测流法、指标流速法、比降面积法等,这些方法存在投入大、测量过程耗时的问题。结合传统断面流量计算理论和最新表面流速测验技术,提出了通过表面流速、断面水位大样本数据输入,确立河道断面水位-流量关系曲线的方法。该方法可以通过少量实测中高水位、流量数据,基于大样本数据输入模型计算流量,从而快速分析河道水位-流量关系特性,拟合出水位-流量关系曲线。与传统方法相比,该方法减少了拟合水位-流量关系曲线需进行的流量测量工作量,减少了测量过程带来的误差,从而提高了测量精度。该方法的优势体现为操作简单、精度高、成本低。

Application of Large Sample Data Analysis Method to Flow Calculation of Medium and Small Rivers

Traditional flow measurement methods (e.g. flow meter method, buoy flow measurement method, index flow rate method, specific drop area method, etc.) for most small and medium-sized rivers at present are featured with large investment and large time consumption. In association with traditional sectional flow calculation theory and the latest surface velocity measurement technology, we propose a method of determining the stage-discharge relation of river section via inputting large sample data of surface velocity and sectional water level. This method needs only a small amount of observed flow data at medium and high water levels to calculate flow rate and fit the stage-discharge curve. Compared with traditional methods, the proposed method reduces the workload of flow rate measurement required for fitting the stage-discharge curve, and cuts down the errors brought about by measurement, hence enhancing precision. It is also convenient for operation with low cost.