中国西部地区野生动物资源可持续发展战略与对策

中国西部地区包括10省(区、市),总面积538万km2,拥有兽类300余种,鸟类800余种,爬行类160余种,两栖类120余种。共有自然保护区283处(国家级41处,省级138处,市级43处,县级61处),其中140处为森林生态系统类型的自然保护区。西部地区各类自然保护区的总面积占全国的75.84%。目前由于盗猎现象严重,经济开发加快,文化素质相对落后,给西部地区野生动物资源和自然保护区管理带来很大压力。因此未来西部的发展必须强调“区域经济与生态效益相互统一”、“野生动物资源整体综合管理”和“野生动物资源多渠道保护和多途径开发”等发展战略。

WILDLIFE RESOURCES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES IN WESTERN CHINA

Western China Contains 10 provinces(cites or autonomous regions),with the total area 5.38 ×106km2,300 mammal species,800 bird species,160 reptile species and 120 amphibious distribute in this area.The total number of natural reserves in Western China is 283,that includes 41 for state level,138 for province level,43 for prefecture level and 61 for county level,with 140 of 283 are the type of forest ecosystem.The total area of the 283 natural reserves in Western China is 75.84% of that of all natural reserves of China.The wildlife and natural reserves in Western China are facing more pressure because of the very serious unregulated hunting,economic developmentetc.Therefore,three strategies are suggested for the future development in Western China:(1)integrating economic and ecological benefit;(2) protecting wildlife in various channels and exploiting in various ways; (3) stressing comprehensive wildlife management.