中国合格口服抗菌药物调查报告

目的：了解医院药剂科以及相关部门对于口服抗菌药物的评价,建立口服抗菌药物评价标准。方法：通过直邮和专业杂志刊登等方法发布调查问卷,回收问卷后进行逻辑检错,数据库管理和数据的统计和分析。结果：按照医院的级别分类,参与答卷的医师和药师中,来自三级医院的人数最多,占64．3％。三甲医院参与答卷者主要来自门诊药房、药店和临床药理等科室。头孢菌素类是应用最多的口服抗菌药物。3种不同剂型抗菌药物在不同级别医院的使用基本相同,口服和静脉滴注的抗菌药物使用比例较高,而肌内注射的使用较少。“临床有效率高”和“快速清除致病菌”是对口服抗菌药物最重要的2个评价标准,“不良反应情况”、“生物利用度”和“靶组织浓度”的重要性排列为3～5位。结论：目前我国抗菌药物的使用还存在着不合理的地方。在口服抗菌药物的评价标准中,能够提高患者依从性的评价标准占有比较重要的地位。

Investigational report on establishment of criteria for rational uses of oral antibacterial agents in China

objective: To establish criteria for rational uses of oral antibacterial agents through investigation in hospital pharmacy and related departments. Methods: Questionnaires were sent out by mail or by publication in professional journals. Answers obtained were treated with logistic error detec-tion,database management and data accounting and analysis. Results:The 64.3% answers were come from pharmacies (including out-patient and clinical pharmacies) and department of clinical pharmacolo-gy in hospitals of third class. Cephalosporins were the largest oral antibacterial agents consumed. A-mong the criteria proposed for evaluating rational uses of oral antibacterial agents, "clinical efficacy"and "rapid clearance of bacteria" were most importam two, and"adverse drug reactions", "bioavailability" and"target tissue drug concentration" were ranked 3 to 5. Conclnsion: That irrational use of oral antibacterial agents is still existed in some aspects in our country and the more important thing in the criteria for rational use of oral antibacterial agents is to improve the compliance of patients.