废弃电子电路板中回收铜的工艺研究

以废弃电子电路板粉碎颗粒为原料，采用硝酸浸出一电沉积法回收金属铜，研究了硝酸浓度、液固比、浸出温度对铜的浸出率影响；电流密度、电解时间对电流效率的影响。实验结果表明：硝酸浓度为3mol／L，液固比为5：1，浸出时间2小时，浸出温度70℃，铜的浸出率为98．9％；电流密度为2．5A／dm^2，电解时间为12小时，电流效率为95．8％。同时电解液经过电解后能返回浸出，本工艺技术切实可行，对实际生产有指导意义，而且经济效益分析显示，采用该工艺从废弃电子电路板中回收铜具有巨大的利润空间，具有经济和环境双重效益。

Research on the recovery of copper from the waste printed circuit board

The waste printed circuit board particles as raw material in this paper, recovery of copper was carried out in the process of nitric acid leaching and electrowinning. Influences of the concentration of nitric acid, ratio of liquid to solid, eaching time, current density and electrolysis time were investigated. The result indicates that leaching rate of copper is 98.9% when the concentration of nitric acid is 3mol/L, ratio of liquid to solid is 5：1, leaching time is 2h and the current efficiency of copper is 95.8% when the current density is 250A/m2 and electrolysis time is 12h. At the same time, the electrolyte is able to return leaching after electrolysis. This technology is feasible which can guide to the production practice, and the economic benefits analysis showed this process has a huge profit and should bring economic and environmental benefits.