颅内镰状窦的MRV重建影像解剖研究

目的 探讨正常人颅内大脑镰镰状窦的发生率及影像解剖特征。 方法 分析177例（男81例，女96例）大脑镰及硬脑膜静脉窦完整的健康受试者的三维增强磁共振血管成像（3D CE-MRV）资料，并结合容积重建（VRT）成像观察镰状窦。 结果 在43例受试者的大脑镰内发现镰状窦存在，其中37例位于大脑镰中后1/3交界处。6例位于大脑镰后1/3区。根据两端连接静脉结构情况，将镰状窦分为Ⅰ型（起自大脑镰内，注入下矢状窦、Galen静脉或直窦）、Ⅱ型（起自大脑镰内，注入上矢状窦后部）和Ⅲ型（相连上矢状窦与下矢状窦、Galen静脉或直窦）。Ⅰ型镰状窦包括团块形、三角形、长条形及不规则形。Ⅱ型镰状窦包括直条形和弯条形。Ⅲ型镰状窦包括长条形、宽带形、人字形。其中人字形常由Ⅰ型镰状窦和Ⅱ型镰状窦融合形成。共发现11例I型镰状窦，21例Ⅱ型镰状窦，14例Ⅲ型镰状窦。其中4例I型镰状窦与Ⅱ型镰状窦并存，6例Ⅱ型镰状窦与Ⅲ型镰状窦并存，5例同时并存2个Ⅱ型镰状窦，4例同时并存3个Ⅱ型镰状窦。 结论 3D CE-MRV结合VRT技术是观测镰状窦的良好方法，镰状窦并不罕见，形态多样。

Imaging anatomy study of the intracranial falcine sinus by MRV reconstruction

Objective To investigate the incidence and imaging anatomical features of intracranial falcine sinus in healthy human. Methods The data of three-dimensional enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (3D CE-MRV) of 177 healthy patients (81 males and 96 females) with complete falcine and dural venous sinus were analyzed, and volume rendering technique (VRT) was used to observe the falcine sinus. Results The falcine sinus was found in the cerebral falx of 43 patients, of which 37 patients were located at the junction of the middle and posterior one third region of the cerebral falx. Six patients were located at the posterior one third region of the cerebral falx. According to the structure of the veins connecting to the two ends, the falcine sinus was divided into three types: type Ⅰ (derived from the cerebral falx, injected into the inferior sagittal sinus, vein of Galen or straight sinus), type Ⅱ (derived from the cerebral falx and injected into the posterior part of the superior sagittal sinus) and type Ⅲ (connected the superior sagittal sinus to the inferior sagittal sinus、vein of Galen or straight sinus). Type I falcine sinus consisted of mass-type, triangle-type, strip-type and irregular shape-type. Type II falcine sinus included straight strip-type and curved strip-type. Type III falcine sinus included thin strip-type, wide band-type and V-type. The V-type was usually formed by the fusion of type I and type II falcine sinuses. A total of 11 cases of type Ⅰ falcine sinus, 21 cases of type Ⅱ falcine sinus and 14 cases of type Ⅲ falcine sinus were found (figure 1). Among them, 4 patients had type Ⅰ falcine sinus and type Ⅱ falcine sinus simultaneously, 6 patients had type Ⅱ falcine sinus and type Ⅲ falcine sinus simultaneously, 5 patients had double type Ⅱ falcine sinus, and 4 patients had triple type Ⅱ falcine sinus in their cerebral falx. Conclusions 3D CE-MRV combined with VRT is a good method for observing falcine sinus. Falcine sinus is not rare and has various types.