暂时介入性肺切除治疗急性大面积肺栓塞的实验研究

目的 尝试应用经气道球囊导管栓塞术稳定大面积肺栓塞动物模型的生命体征.方法 健康绵羊27只,应用自体血凝块或自制可脱落球囊栓塞右肺动脉建立肺栓塞动物模型.18只动物模型当SaO_2较栓塞前下降≥25%时,于相应的右主支气管放置球囊干预,5只制作肺栓塞动物模型成功后对照观察,4只制作肺栓塞动物模型后未达到干预指标.有创监测肺动脉压、外周动脉压、中心静脉压、心率、SaO_2、PaO_2、PaCO_2等.结果 23只动物成功建立了急性肺栓塞模型,心率、呼吸加快,SaO_2平均在30 min之内下降≥25%,肺动脉压升高.18例实验组进行干预,肺动脉压下降、SaO_2和PaO_2升高,与对照组比较有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 动物实验证实球囊阻塞气道可作为大面积肺栓塞急救,为其后的溶栓等治疗争取时间.

Temporary interventional pneumonectomy used as an emergency treatment for acute massive pulmonary embolism: the initial experimental results

Objective To evaluate regional airway obstruction with balloon catheter in stabilizing the vital signs in experimental animals suffered from acute massive pulmonary embolism. Methods Pulmonary embolism of right lung artery by using auto-blood clots or detachable latex balloons was established in 27 healthy sheep. When the blood oxygen saturation decreased by 25% compared to that before the procedure,the placement of balloon catheter in corresponding right main bronchus was carried out in 18 sheep (study group). Five sheep were used as control group. The blood oxygen saturation in the remaining four sheep did not reach the intervention level. The pulmonary arterial pressure, the peripheral arterial pressure, the central venous pressure, the heart rate, the blood oxygen saturation, the arterial partial pressure of oxygen as well as of carbon dioxide were invasively determined. Results The experimental model of acute massive pulmonary embolism was successfully established in 23 sheep. After the establishment of pulmonary embolism, increased heart rate, tachypnea, a decrease of ≥ 25% in blood oxygen saturation within 30 minutes and a rise in pulmonary arterial pressure were detected. After the placement of balloon catheter in study group, a reduction of the pulmonary arterial pressure and an elevation of the blood oxygen saturation as well as the arterial partial pressure of oxygen rose. were observed. The difference between study group and control group was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion The result of this animal experiment indicates that obstruction of airway with balloon can be served as a first aid for acute massive pulmonary embolism, which can stabilizes the animal's vital signs and, therefore, can help gain precious time for the follow-up thrombolysis treatment.