基于资源配置露天矿土地复垦适宜性评价研究

特大型露天煤矿排土场土地复垦适宜性评价与一般适宜性评价迥然不同，是一种资源配置下对未来空间的土地单元及质量的预测性评价。综合考虑特大型露天煤矿排土场复垦适宜性评价的预测性与动态性，采用极限条件法对其进行适宜性评价分析。选取安家岭露天矿排土场作为实例，将排土场分为平台和边坡两个评价单元，选取5个方面的预选指标，并进一步筛选出具有代表性的7个评价因子（非均匀沉降、坡度、有效土层厚度、地表物质组成、土体容重、有机质含量、岩土侵蚀强度），将适宜性评价结果与原地貌进行对比。结果表明，通过资源配置下的土地复垦，复垦土地质量均可达到原地貌的标准，甚至优于原地貌。由于部分评价因子性状的可变性，同一评价单元体现出不同时段的多宜性。根据适宜性评价结果，可以指导矿区采剥、运输、排弃及造地，使矿区土地复垦及复垦土地的利用有序、高效。

The Study on the Evaluation of Land Reclamation Suitability in Opencast Mine Based on Allocation of Resources

Completely different from the normal suitability evaluation, land reclamation suitability evaluation of extra large surface mine dump is a kind of the predictive evaluation method for the future space based on the allocation of re- sources. Taking into account of the characteristics of reclamation suitability evaluation of extra large surface mine dump, such as the predictability and dynamics, the limit condition method was adopted to evaluate the reclamation suit ability of the dump. Taking the dump of Anjialing opencast mine as an example, surface mine dump was divided into two evaluation units （flat and slope）, and five primary indicators were selected, then seven typical evaluation factors （non- uniform settlement, slope, effective soil thickness, surface material, soil bulk density, organic matter content, and geotechnical erosion intensity） were further screened. The evaluation results were compared with original geomor- phologic data. The comparative results showed that reclamation evaluation factors could reach or even better than the standard of the original landform. The same evaluation unit showed the multi--suitability at the different period of time because of the variable characteristics of some evaluation factors. The results of land suitability evaluation could guide the further actions of the mine stripping, the transportation, the abandonment and the land reclamation and guarantee the orderly and efficient usage of the mining land.