基于改进TOPSIS法的水质监测断面优化研究

针对传统TOPSIS法权重计算的强主观性、相对接近度计算过程中出现与理想点及负理想点等距的问题,通过基于博弈论的组合赋权法将主观权重与客观权重组合对监测指标进行赋权,并定义"虚拟负理想点"代替传统负理想点,采用改进的距离计算公式计算各样本与理想点及"虚拟负理想点"之间的距离,对传统TOPSIS法进行改进并将其用于水质断面优化设计。以浦阳江干流9个水质监测断面2012年监测数据为实例,以相对贴近度为基础,将原有9个断面优化为7个断面,并对优化结果进行一致性检验,结果显示,改进的TOPSIS法优化结果准确、有效,因此对环境监测布点及断面优化工作具有一定的应用价值。

Optimization of water quality monitoring sections based on improved TOPSIS method

This work aimed to solve the irrationality of traditional TOPSIS, such as the strong subjective of weight calculation, the equal distance to the ideal point and the negative ideal point. The subjective weight and objective weight were combined by combining weights method based on Game Theory, "virtual negative ideal point" was defined to replace the traditional negative ideal point and used to improve formula to calculate the distance between each sample and the ideal point or negative ideal point. An improved TOPSIS method was built to optimize water quality sections. Based on the monitoring data of 9 water quality monitoring sections in Puyang River in 2012, water quality monitoring sections were optimized by the improved TOPSIS. As a result, the original 9 sections were optimized to 7 sections, which was proved to be scientific and effective by F test and t test method. Therefore, it will provide a great reference for layout of the environmental monitoring sites and section optimization.