2008年北京市延庆县地方性氟中毒病情监测分析

目的 了解北京市延庆县地方性氟中毒病区改水降氟措施的效果和发病趋势,为制订防治措施提供依据.方法 2008年,采用分层随机抽样方法在延庆县抽取3个村(谷家营村、簸箕营村和胡家营村),用离子选择电极法检测枯水期和丰水期生活饮用水含氟量:对63名8～12岁儿童和664名16岁以上成人测定尿氟,并检查氟斑牙患病情况.结果 3个村生活饮用水含氟量枯水期为(0.72±0.12)mg/L,丰水期为(0.76±0.18)mg/L.儿童尿氟中位数为1.11 mg/L,范围为0.32-4.15 mg/L;成人尿氟中位数为1.42 mg/L,范围为0.37～4.65 me/L.儿童氟斑牙检出率为23.81%(15/63),氟斑牙指数为0.45;成人氟斑牙检出率为54.97%(365/664),氟斑牙指数为1.70.结论 延庆县生活饮用水含氟量符合国家标准,地方性氟中毒病情有所下降,改水降氟措施效果显著.

Analysis of disease surveillance of endemic fluorosis in Yanqing county of Beijing in 2008

Objective To explore the effectiveness of defluoridization of water and the morbidity trends in endemic fluoroais areas in Yanqing county of Beijing, in order to provide the basis for the formulation of prevention and control measures. Methods In 2008, stratified random was used to collect water samples to detect the amount of drinking water fluoride in three villages(Gujiaying, Bojiying and Hujiaying) in Yanqing county using ion-selective electrode in both dry and rainy seasons. Sixty-three students in 8 - 12 years old and 664 adults over 16 years of age were determined of urinary fluoride, and examine the prevalence of dental fluorosis. ResultsThe fluorine content in drinking water in the dry and rainy seasons was (0.72 ± 0.12), (0.76 ± 0.18)mg/L, respectively. The median of fluorine content in urine of children was 1.11 mg/L with the range of 0.32 - 4.15 mg/L; the median of fluorine content in urine of adult was 1.42 mg/L with the range of 0.37 - 4.65 mg/L. The detection rate of dental fluorosis in children was 23.81%(15/63), dental fluorosis index was 0.45; the detection rate of dental fluorosis in adult was 54.97% (365/664), dental fluorosis index was 1.70. Conclusions Fluorine content in drinking water meets the national standard in Yanqing county. The morbidity of endemic fluorosis descends in some extent in a result of defluoredization.