电积铜用新型铅锡锑阳极和工业用铅钙锡阳极性能研究

通过电化学方法研究了浇铸的新型Pb-0.6%Sn-0.6%Sb阳极和工业用的Pb-0.06%Ca-0.6%Sn阳极在CuSO4-H2SO4体系下的电化学性能,结果表明新型的Pb-0.6%Sn-0.6%Sb阳极电催化性能和耐蚀性能均比Pb-0.06%Ca-0.6%Sn阳极优异.采用扫描电子显微镜观察了两种合金材料极化24h后的表面形貌,图像显示Pb-0.6%Sn-0.6%Sb合金阳极表面形貌更为均匀和致密.X-射线衍射图显示,对应PbO的衍射峰Pb-0.6%Sn-0.6%Sb阳极材料比Pb-0.06%Ca-0.6%Sn阳极材料的弱,但PbO2的衍射峰Pb-0.6%Sn-0.6%Sb阳极材料比Pb-0.06%Ca-0.6%Sn阳极材料的强,说明Pb-0.6%Sn-0.6%Sb阳极的导电性比Pb-0.06%Ca-0.6%Sn阳极要好.电沉积铜的对比实验表明,Pb-0.6%Sn-0.6%Sb合金材料的槽电压比Pb-0.06%Ca-0.6%Sn合金材料要低,电流效率有所提高,同时阴极铜和电解液中铅含量也较小.

Study on characterization of the Pb-Sn-Sb anode and the Pb-Ca-Sn anode used in electro-winning copper

The performance of the Pb-0.6%Sn-0.6%Sb(anode A)and Pb-0.06%Ca-0.6%Sn(anode B) anode materials in copper sulfate-sulfuric acid solution was analyzed with the electrochemical experiments. The results indicated that the electrocatalytic activity and corrosion resistance of the anode A were better than that of the anode B. The structure of the two electrode materials was studied by scanning electron microscope after 24th hour anodic polarization, which showed that the surface of the anode A was more uniform and compact. The X-ray diffraction indicated that the diffraction peaks of PbO formed on the anode A were weaker than that of the anode B, while the diffraction peaks of PbO_2formed on the anode A were stronger than that of the anode B, which showed that the conductivity of the anode A was superior to the anode B. Compared with the anode B, the cell voltage of the anode A was lower and the current efficiency was improved in the electro-winning copper experiment, and the lead ions was decreasing in cathode copper and electrolyte.