桉叶油对环磷酰胺致大鼠胚胎毒性的保护作用

目的探讨桉叶油对环磷酰胺致大鼠胚胎毒性的保护作用。方法取孕鼠25只，随机分成5组，3个实验组（桉叶油低、中、高剂量组），溶剂对照组（花生油组），阳性对照组（环磷酰胺组）。大鼠妊娠第10天开始，实验组分别用100，200，300mg·kg-1桉叶油灌胃，溶剂对照组每只用2mL花生油灌胃，每天1次，连续5d。阳性对照组于孕第13天腹腔注射12．5mg·kg-1环磷酰胺1次。各组孕鼠于孕第19天处死取胚胎，记录孕鼠的体重、子宫重、卵巢重、胎盘重。计胚胎植入的总数、吸收胎数、活胎数、死胎数。观察胚胎外形，并测量胎鼠体重、身长、尾长。另取孕鼠25只，动物分组同前。实验组和溶剂对照组于孕第10天分别用桉叶油和花生油开始灌胃，用药剂量同前，连续灌胃8d。各组于第13天注射12．5mg·kg-1环磷酰胺1次，孕第19天处死取胚胎，记录观察指标同前。结果①桉叶油灌胃孕鼠后，孕鼠的体重增重、子宫重、卵巢重、胎盘重与溶剂对照组比较均无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。胚胎植入总数、吸收胎率、活胎率、死胎率与溶剂对照组相比均无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。桉叶油各组活胎鼠平均体重、身长、尾长均较溶剂对照组高，但只有桉叶油高剂量组胎鼠平均体重与溶剂组比有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。其余组的指标与溶剂对照组比无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。阳性对照组胎鼠平均体重、尾长明显低于溶剂组，有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。阳性对照组胎鼠平均身长低于溶剂组，但无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。②100，200，300mg·kg-1桉叶油灌胃孕鼠8d后，环磷酰胺诱发的胚胎畸胎率、死胎率明显低于未灌胃桉叶油的阳性对照组，有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。实验组胎鼠平均体重、尾长均高于未灌胃桉叶油的阳性对照组，有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论本实验条件下，桉叶油对孕鼠胚胎无胚胎发育毒性，同时具有拮抗环磷酰胺诱发胚胎畸形的作用。

Protection Effects of Eucalyptus on Embryonic Developmental Toxicity in Rats Treated by Cyclophosphamide

OBJECTIVE To study the protection effects of eucalyptus on embryonic developmental toxicity in rats treated by cyclophosphamide.METHODS ①Twenty-five pregnant rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: three experiment groups(high,medium,low doses of eucalyptus group),negative control group(peanut oil group),positive control group(cyclophosphamide group).Three experiment groups and negative control group were administrated from the 10th to 14th day of gestation with eucalyptus in 100,200,300 mg·kg-1·d-1 and peanut oil 2 mL per animal per day respectively,while positive control group was ip with 12.5 mg·kg-1·d-1 cyclophosphamide at the 13th day of gestation.All pregnantrats were sacrificed at the 19th day.The body,uterus,ovary and placenta weights of the pregnant rats were measured respectively.The numbers of absorbed,live and dead fetus were counted,respectively.The length for fetus body and tail as well as body weights were measured.Another 25 pregnant rats were randomly divided into 5 groups like ①.Three experiment groups and negative control group pregnant rats were administrated from the 10th to 17th day of gestation with eucalyptus in doses like ①.All groups was ip with 12.5 mg·kg-1 cyclophosphamide on the 13th day of gestation and sacrificed on the 19th day.Observed and noted target like ①.RESULTS ①After administration of eucalyptus(100,200,300 mg·kg-1) for 5 days.The body,uterus,ovary and placenta weights of pregnant rats showed no significant difference compared with negative control group(P>0.05).The numbers for absorbed,live and dead fetus also showed no significant difference compared with negative control group(P>0.05).All of the fetus body weights,body length and tail length were larger in the treated groups than those in the negative control group.But only high doses of eucalyptus group’s fetus weight of body showed difference compared with negative control group(P<0.05),others had no significant difference(P>0.05).The fetus body weight,tail length in the positive control group were lower than those in the negative control group(P<0.05),but the fetus body length showed no significant difference compared with negative control group(P>0.05).②Eucalyptus administration 8 days could dramatically decrease the rate of abnormal embryo and dead fetus induced by cyclophosphamide compared with the group without administration(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Under the experimental condition,eucalyptus showed no embryonic developmental toxicity,and it can restrain embryonic developmental toxicity in rats induced by cyclophosphamide.