硬质合金刀具钴和碳化钨的浸出研究

硬质合金刀具在高速切削时,必须使用水基加工液。然而发现使用时水基加工液会使硬质合金中的钴、碳化钨浸出。本文通过浸泡试验,借助于扫描电镜和能谱分析,研究了不同温度时三乙醇胺溶液、碳酸钠溶液和苯并三氮唑溶液对硬质合金刀具中钴和碳化钨浸出的影响。实验结果表明:三乙醇胺溶液对硬质合金刀具中的钴有浸出的作用,常温下钴的浸出率为17.32%,随着温度的升高浸出作用明显,150℃时钴的浸出率为47.72%;碳酸钠溶液对硬质合金刀具中碳化钨有浸出作用,常温下钨的浸出率为13.28%,随着温度的升高,碳化钨的氧化溶解加剧,钨元素的浸出更加明显,150℃时钨的浸出率为45.59%;苯并三氮唑溶液对硬质合金中的钴无浸出作用,对硬质合金中的钨浸出作用不明显,150℃时钨的浸出率为1.28%。

Study on Leaching of Cobalt and Tungsten Carbide in Cemented Carbide Tool

During the high speed cutting of cemented carbide tool, water-based metal working fluid must be used, which results in the leaching of cobalt and tungsten carbide in cemented carbide. Through immersion test, the effects of triethanolamine solution, sodium carbonate solution and 1H-benzotriazole solution on the leaching of cobalt and tungsten carbide in cemented carbide tool at different temperatures were sdudied by means of scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum analysis. The results show that triethanolamine solution has effect on the leaching of cobalt in cemented carbide, the leaching is more obvious with increasing temperature, the cobalt leaching rate is 47.72% at 150 ℃ compared with that of 17.32% under normal temperature; sodium carbonate solution has effect on the leaching of tungsten carbide in cemented carbide tool, the leaching is more obvious with increasing temperature, the tungsten leaching rate is 45.59% at 150℃ compared with that of 13.28% under normal temperature; 1H-benzotriazole solution has no effect on the leaching of cobalt in cemented carbide, the leaching effect is not obvious for tungsten in cemented carbide, the tungsten leaching rate is only 1.28% at 150℃.