沈阳地区夏秋季节变应性鼻炎患者变应原谱分析

目的　探讨沈阳地区夏秋季节性变应性鼻炎（AR）患者主要变应原种类，为该地区季节性AR防治提供科学依据。方法　对2013年7～9月就诊的327例季节性AR患者的皮肤点刺试验结果进行统计学分析。结果　年龄分布高峰：男性为7～12岁、28～37岁，女性为28～47岁；主要花粉变应原为蒿属273例（83.49%）、豚草176例（53.82%）、蒲公英142例（43.43%）、禾本类128例（39.14%）、葎草113例（34.56%）；单一花粉过敏28例（8.56%），2种花粉28例（8.56%），3种及以上271例（82.88%）；129例（39.45%）伴尘螨过敏，35例（10.70%）伴霉菌类过敏。结论　沈阳地区7～9月是季节性AR的高发时节，8月达最高峰，男性学龄前及学龄儿童发病人数高于女性，主要花粉变应原为蒿属、豚草、蒲公英、禾本科及葎草。

Spectrum of major sensitized inhalant allergens in aestivo-autumnal allergic rhinitis patients in Shenyang

OBJECTIVE To investigate the spectrum of major sensitized inhalant allergens in aestivoautumnal allergic rhinitis patients in Shenyang, which may provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis. METHODS A total of 327 patients, who were performed SPT with positive results during July to September in 2013, were included in this study. RESULTS The age distribution of the male patients showed two peaks, concentrated in the peak of 7 to 12 years old group and 28 to 37 years old group, while the female patients were concentrated in the peak of 28 to 47 years old group. The pollen allergens of the allergic rhinitis were artemisia in 273 cases（83.49%）, ragweed in 176 cases（53.82%）, dandelion in 142 cases（43.43%）, wopatients in 128 cases（39.14%）, and humulus in 113 cases（34.56%）. Only one kind of positive pollen allergen was found in 28 cases（8.56%）, two kind in 28 cases（8.56%） and 3 kind or more in 271 cases（82.88%）. One hundred and twenty nine cases were companied with dust mite allergy（39.45%） and 35 cases were companied with mold allergy（10.70%）. CONCLUSION July, August, September are the high season of seasonal allergic rhinitis in Shenyang. The incidence in preschool and school-aged boys was higher than that in girls. The main pollen allergens are biography artemisia, ragweed, dandelions, grassy and humulus.