温敏核不育系株1S籼粳属性研究

温敏核不育系株1S是生产上广泛应用的水稻优良早籼型不育系品种。以典型籼稻和粳稻为对照，采用ISSR、SRAP和TRAP三种分子标记方法对株1S核DNA进行分子遗传学分析，结果表明，株1S核DNA以籼型基因为主，但含有部分粳型特异性片段，具有一定的粳型血缘；3种分子标记方法都能建立株1S所特有的分子指纹。对株1S叶绿体DNA中ORF100、ORF29-TrnC^GCA、TrnT^UGU–TrnL^UAA、rps16基因内含子等序列分析表明，株1S为籼型叶绿体，对照材料培矮64S、准S为粳型叶绿体；株1S在TrnT^UGU–TrnL^UAA片段中存在两个特异碱基。利用籼型细胞质和含有适量粳稻血缘的两用核不育系可能是长江中下游双季稻区高产稳产早稻组合的育种途径。

Analysis of Indica-Japonica Characteristics in Thermo-Sensitive Genic Male Sterile Rice Line Zhu 1S

Zhu 1S is an early indica thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) rice line widely used in hybrid rice production. In this study, with typical indica and japonica cultivars as control, the DNA polymorphism of Zhu 1S was analyzed by using three molecular markers of ISSR, SRAP, and TRAP. The results showed that the nuclear genome of Zhu 1S was mainly indica-derived, but it contained some japonica-specific DNA fragments and had certain japonica consanguinity. The specific molecular fingerprint of Zhu 1S could be established by using any of the three molecular markers. Moreover, the analysis of ORF100, ORF29–TrnC^GCA, TrnT^UGU–TrnL^UAA, intron sequences of rps16 gene in chloroplast DNA of Zhu 1S showed that the chloroplast genome of Zhu 1S was indica-type, while the chloroplast genomes of Pei’ai 64S and Zhun S were japonica-type. There were two base substitutions in TrnT^UGU–TrnL^UAA fragment of Zhu 1S. It should be applicable approach for breeding two-line early hybrid rice combination with high and stable yield by using dual-purpose genic male sterile lines with indica-type cytoplasm and appropriate japonica consanguinity in double-cropping rice area around the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river. Hence, the results have some instructions for the breeding of high quality dual-purpose genic male sterile lines and the rice combinations.