车用替代燃料能源消费和温室气体排放对比研究

为了定量解释以天然气为原料的不同车用替代燃料的节能和温室气体减排潜力，使用国际流行的Well to Wheel研究方法，依靠来自石油天然气开采、处理和加工工业的大量一线数据，对中国目前正在使用和拟议开发的4种来自天然气的车用燃料与传统汽柴油燃料进行了对比研究。从全生命周期的角度来看，天然气制备的液体燃料--甲醇、二甲醚和天然气合成油在能源消耗量和温室气体排放量方面明显高于汽柴油，压缩天然气是唯一可以在上述两个方面与传统燃料竞争的天然气基车用燃料。天然气基车用燃料的一个优势是全生命周期的石油消耗远低于汽柴油，对短期石油安全问题有一定缓解作用。在目前技术水平下，在我国大规模推广以天然气为原料的合成液体燃料应该慎重。如果从节能和温室气体减排的角度来看，发展混合动力车，提高车辆的燃料经济性水平，则是更有吸引力的选择。

Well-to-Wheel Analysis on Energy Use and GHGs Emission of NG-based Alternative Fuels

To quantitatively explain the potential of energy saving and GHGs reduction of different NG-based alternative fuels in China, Well-to-Wheel analysis of 4 NG-based alternative fuels and traditional gasoline and diesel has been completed, based on quantities of data from NG and petrochemical industries. The lifecycle energy consumption and GHGs emission of NG-based methanol, DME and GTL are obviously higher than those of gasoline. CNG is the only NG-based pathway to compete with gasoline and diesel in energy use and GHGs emission. NG-based fuels have lower lifecycle petroleum consumption than gasoline and diesel, so they may be the short-term answer to Chinese oil security. It should be cautious to expand NG-based alternative liquid fuels with present technology. In terms of energy saving and GHGs emission, Hybrid Electric Vehicles with lower cost and higher fuel-economy level may be a more attractive choice.