广西都安县三只羊地区与贵州罗甸县大关地区岩溶石漠化进程对比分析

基于遥感数据得出贵州罗甸县大关地区和广西都安县三只羊地区三个时期的土地覆盖类型数据。通过对这些不同时期土地覆盖类型数据的分析,发现大关地区从1979年到2001年,植被面积减少,石漠面积增加,土地覆盖类型以灌木林→灌丛→荒草地→石漠的方向变化为主,岩溶生态环境朝着恶劣的方向即典型的石漠化方向发展;而都安三只羊地区则相反,从1976年至2002年,植被面积增加,石漠面积减少,土地覆盖类型的主导变化方向是石漠→荒草地→灌丛→灌木林,即反石漠化方向,岩溶生态环境总的趋势是朝着良性的方向发展。两地的石漠化进程不同的原因主要在于土地利用的方式不同,大关地区采取的是劈山造田的方式来解决紧张的人地关系;而三只羊地区则是采取生态移民的方式。 

Comparison of karst rocky desertification progress between Daguan area in Guizhou and Sanzhiyang area in Guangxi

Karst rocky desertification is a serious environment issue in Southwest China.It refers to the processes which transform a karst area that was covered by vegetation and soil to a rocky landscape almost devoid of soil and vegetation.It leads to progressive impoverishment of local residents.In this paper,based on three times land-cover data derived from classification of remote sensing data,two different kind of rocky desertification process are presented.One is that the land-cover was transformed from shrubbery,bush,and wild sward to rocky land in Daguan area,Luodian county,Guizhou province,another is that the land-cover was transformed from rocky land,wild sward,bush to shrubbery in Sanzhiyang area,Du'an county,Guangxi.The reason caused different processes of rocky desertification in two different areas is different strategies of land-use.In Daguan area,people cultivate on the rocky land.Otherwise,in Sanzhiyang area,people were moved from the place unsuitable for living to other place suitable for people to live.