焦虑障碍患者生活事件、应对方式及社会支持状况调查

目的 探讨焦虑障碍患者生活事件、应对方式及社会支持的现状.方法 采用生活事件量表、简易应对方式问卷、社会支持评定量表对50例广泛性焦虑症患者(GAD),44例强迫症患者(OCD)、23例社交焦虑障碍患者(SAD)以及99例正常人进行评定.结果 患者组生活事件总分[GAD组(22.46±18.44)分;OCD组(23.68±28.31)分;SAD组(17.22±14.97)分;正常对照组(6.64±9.71)分,F =14.216,P =0.000]和负性生活事件得分[GAD组(18.76±17.99)分;OCD组(20.02±24.98)分;SAD组(12.00±13.16)分;正常对照组(4.56±7.51)分,F =14.391,P =0.000]均显著高于正常对照组;患者组积极应对方式得分( F =16.505,P =0.000)均显著低于正常对照组,广泛性焦虑症组、社交焦虑症组消极应对方式得分显著高于正常对照组;患者组社会支持总分( F =26.506,P =0.000)及客观社会支持( F =7.494,P =0.000)、主观社会支持( F =26.985,P =0.000)和社会支持利用度得分( F =13.931,P =0.000)均低于正常对照组.结论 1.焦虑障碍患者普遍经历了比较多的或者影响比较大的应激性生活事件,更加倾向于采用消极应对方式,社会支持比较匮乏;2. 焦虑障碍的发生发展可能与此类人群的生活事件、应对方式、社会支持情况相关.

Life events,coping styles and social supports in anxiety disorders patients

Objective To study the characteristics of life events, coping styles and social supports in anxiety disorders patients. Methods 50 patients with generalized anxiety disorders (GAD), 44 patients with obsessivecompulsive disorders (OCD),23 patients with social anxiety disorders (SAD) and 99 healthy people were assessed by life event scale(LES),simplified coping style questionnaire(SCSQ) and social support rating scale (SSRS). Results Compared with healthy people, patients with GAD, OCD and SAD were all had higher scores of total life events (GAD 22.46±18.44;OCD 23.68±28.31;SAD 17.22±14.97;Healthy People 6.64±9.71)( F =14.216,P =0.000) and negative life events(GAD 18.76±17.99;OCD 20.02±24.98;SAD 12.00±13.16;Healthy People 4.56±7.51)( F =14.391,P =0.000).All patients were apt to choose positive styles less( F =16.505,P =0.000) and got less social supports totally ( F =26.506,P =0.000). The objective social supports( F =7.494,P =0.000)and subjective social supports ( F =26.985,P =0.000) were less and the utilization of social supports was lower ( F =13.931,P =0.000) in patients.Conclusions 1. Anxiety disorders patients often experience more or more serious life events, especially negative life events, are more likely to choose negative coping styles, and get less social supports. 2. Anxiety disorders may be related with people's characteristics of life events, coping styles and social supports.