常减压装置加热炉热效率优化分析及综合治理

中国石化海南炼油化工有限公司8.0 Mt/a常减压蒸馏装置的常压炉和减压炉在开车初期,烟气排烟温度基本在180℃以上,最高时达到230℃,炉体外壁温度约90℃,炉底外壁温度约160℃,整体热效率低于89％,大大低于中国石化样板加热炉水平.研究分析认为,主要是由于对加热炉燃料劣质化认识不足、空气预热器选型及设计负荷不能满足要求等原因造成.通过对燃料品质优化、空气预热器的改造、露点温度检测与排烟温度优化、衬里改造等全方位的综合治理,加热炉热效率得到了有效提升,排烟温度降至120℃以下,炉体外壁温度降到70℃左右,炉底外壁温度降到110 ℃左右,整体热效率达到92.5％以上,常减压装置单位原油燃料消耗由335 MJ/t降低至314 MJ/t.

Optimization analysis of thermal efficiency of heating furnace in atmospheric-vacuum distillation unit and comprehensive treatment

During the initial period of the startup of atmospheric furnace and vacuum furnace of the 8.0 MM TPY atmospheric-vacuum distillation unit in Sinopec Hainan Refining ＆ Chemical Co.,Ltd.,the flue gas emission temperature was over 180 ℃,even reaching 230 ℃ maximum.The external wall temperature of furnace was about 90 ℃,and the external wall temperature of furnace bottom was about 160 ℃.The overall thermal efficiency was below 89％ much lower than that of SINOPEC＇ s exemplary heating furnace.The analysis found that the problem was mainly caused by the lack of knowledge of furnace fuel,and the inappropriate design of the air preheater.After comprehensive treatment approaches were applied,such as fuel optimization,revamping of air preheater,burners and dew point management and revamping of insulation,the thermal efficiency of the furnaces was effectively improved,the flue gas emission temperature was reduced to lower than 120 ℃,the external wall temperature of furnace was lowered to under about 70 ℃,the external wall temperature of furnace bottom was reduced to about 110 ℃ and total thermal efficiency was raised to over 92.5％.The fuel consumption of atmospheric-vacuum distillation unit was reduced from 335 MJ/t cruel oil to 314 MJ/t cruel oil.