超声速双轨火箭橇系统两级减振与分析

针对刚性双轨火箭橇无法满足导弹控制装置在马赫数为2条件下的力学环境试验要求,分析了刚性双轨火箭橇的振动数据和特性,发现火箭橇振动响应与运行速度强相关,振动均方根随速度的增加呈非线性增加趋势,火箭橇刚度越大,振动响应越大,当速度为900 m/s时,刚性火箭橇振动响应均方根值达到120g,火箭橇试验中产生的振动表现为随机振动,频带范围覆盖了5～2 000 Hz,且低频振动十分剧烈。根据火箭橇的振动特性,将天然橡胶与滑靴一体化融合设计为减振滑靴,减小滑靴刚度,从而降低由靴轨冲击碰撞引起的振动,实现了火箭橇振源处的一级减振,在被试品与橇体接口处采用硅橡胶实现二级减振。通过动态特性响应仿真、振动台试验、橇轨耦合动力学计算和火箭橇试验进行了验证。研究结果表明:双轨火箭橇通过两级减振后,从振源和传递路径两方面将侧、竖向振动过载控制在了12g内,并实现了100～2 000 Hz内宽频域段减振,被试品侧、竖向减振效率分别达到52%和70%,能够为导引头类火箭橇试验提供验证技术支撑。

Two-stage Vibration Reduction and Verification of SupersonicDual-rail Rocket Sled System

The rigid dual-track rocket sled cannot meet the mechanical environment test requirements of the missile control device at a Mach number of 2. Aiming at this problem,the vibration data and characteristics of the rigid dual rocket sled were analyzed. The vibration response of the rocket sled is strongly related to the operating speed,and the root mean square value of the vibration increases non-linearly with the increase of the speed. The higher the stiffness of the rocket sled is,the greater the vibration response is. When the speed of sled is 900 m/s,the root mean square value of the vibration response reaches 120g. The vibration generated in the rocket sled test is random,and the frequency range covers 5-2 000 Hz,and the low-frequency vibration is very severe. Based on the vibration characteristics of the rocket sled,the natural rubber and the sliding shoe were integrated and designed to reduce the stiffness of the sliding shoe,thereby reducing the vibration caused by the impact of the shoe and rail and realizing the primary vibration reduction at the vibration source of the rocket sled. Silicon rubber was used between the tested object and the rocket sled connection to achieve secondary vibration reduction. The damping effect was verified through dynamic characteristic response simulation,vibration table test,the sled rail coupling dynamics calculation and rocket sled test. The results show that after two-stage vibration reduction,the lateral and vertical vibration root mean square overload is controlled within 12g. The vibration reduction in a wide frequency range of 100-2 000 Hz is realized. The lateral and vertical vibration reduction efficiency is 52% and 70% respectively. The study can provide verification technical support for rocket sled test of seeker.