球孢子菌病的流行病学、临床表现及诊治进展

球孢子菌病是球孢子菌感染人类所致的疾病。传统认为其流行区域仅限于美洲部分地区，但随着全球人口流动，非疫区的输入性病例报道日渐增多。一些新近研究也对其传统流行病学观念提出了挑战。此外，球孢子菌病的临床表现多样，从轻微的自限性呼吸道感染到严重的全身播散性感染均可发生，给诊断带来了很大的困难。因此，尽管中国并非传统概念上的球孢子菌病疫区，国内感染病工作者仍有必要对其现状有所了解。本文针对球孢子菌病的流行现状及诊疗进展进行综述。

Recent advances in epidemiology,clinical manifestations,diagnosis and treatment of coccidioidomycosis

Coccidioidomycosis , an infection caused by Coccidioides spp ., is traditionally recognized as an endemic fungal disease mainly restricted in part of North America .However ,imported cases in non-endemic areas are increasingly reported ,indicating a paradigm shift on the epidemiology of coccidioidomycosis .The clinical manifestations of coccidioidomycosis vary significantly , ranging from mild self-limited upper respiratory infection to severe disseminated ones , leading a challenge for the diagnosis of the disease . Although China is not an endemic area of coccidioidomycosis , it is important for domestic healthcare providers to stay alert of the disease . This review aims to summarize the current advances in the epidemiology and clinical aspects of coccidioidomycosis .