基于信号相位匹配原理的二维方位估计方法

提出一种基于信号相位匹配原理的二维方位估计奇异值分解算法.通过对空间虚参考点选择的说明,推导出远场条件下的时延计算公式以及基于信号相位匹配原理的奇异值分解算法公式.通过分析基元间距、信号频率以及信噪比对定向精度的影响,证实了该算法在保持尖锐指向性的前提下,可以突破压差式矢量传感器对阵元间距的严格要求,加宽工作频带,并实现低信噪比条件下的高精度二维测向.仿真结果表明:在0.8λ的基元间距下,信噪比为0dB,FFT点数大于2560时,方位角、俯仰角估计的均方根误差小于1°.

Bearing estimation based on signal phase matching principle

Based on the Signal Phase Match principle,The SVD (Signal Value Deposition) algorithm of azimuth/elevation DOA (Direction of Arrival) estimation was presented.Firstly,a virtual sensor was introduced in acoustic vector-sensor.And formulas of time delay for far field and SVD algorithm of bearing estimation were derived.Secondly,the influence factors on the accuracy of DOA estima- tion were analyzed,such as acoustic sensor size,frequency and SNR (signal-to-noise ratio).It was proved that larger acoustic sensor size could be used on this algorithm than on acoustic vector-sensor algorithm,while sharp directivity was kept.At the same time,the high pre- cision of the DOA estimation could be gotten at low ratio of signal to noise.It was shown that lower than 1 degree of the direction estima- tion error on azimuth and elevation could be achieved,when acoustic sensor size was 0.8 wavelength,length of FFT was more than 2056 and SNR was OdB.