草乌与贝母配伍禁忌的化学研究

目的:探讨草乌与贝母在煎煮过程及体外模拟消化环境中生物碱类成分的变化规律,初步阐明草乌配伍贝母毒性作用变化原因。方法:采用酸性染料比色法、改良异羟肟酸铁分光光度法和HPLC法,测定草乌与贝母不同配比合煎液及人工胃、肠液处理后溶液中总生物碱和酯型生物碱、乌头碱类成分的含量,并通过主成分分析(PCA)和聚类分析(HCA)综合考察各配比和处理方法对毒性作用变化情况。结果:通过PCA和HCA的综合考察,两者得到的结果相似,均显示11个样品被分为3组,其中样品1为Ⅰ组,样品2、5、9、10、11为Ⅱ组,样品3、4、6、7、8为Ⅲ组,样品的分类结果可能与草乌生物碱和贝母生物碱含量有关;草乌与贝母在一定的比例下毒性增加,尤其是其合煎剂经胃液处理后毒性进一步增大,而经过肠液处理后毒性有一定的降低。结论:"草乌反贝母"是在一定条件下的配伍禁忌,可能与配伍比例和药物体内释放部位有一定的关系。

Chemical Study on the Incompatibility of Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffi and Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii

Objective： To study the changes of alkaloid components in Aconitum and Fritillaria in the boiling process and simulated digestion environment in vitro to explore the reasons for the changes in the toxic effects of Aconitum combined with Fritillaria.Method： Total alkaloids,ester alkaloids and aconitine analogs in the decoctions,artificial gastric and intestinal solutions of Aconitum and Fritillaria with different proportions were respectively determined by acid dyes assay,modified hydroxamic acid iron spectrophotometry and HPLC.The effects of the proportion and treatment method on the toxicity were clarified by PCA and HCA.Result： The obtained results by PCA and HCA were similar.The 11 samples were divided into three groups,in which the sample 1 was in the group Ⅰ,the sample 2,5,9,10 and 11 were in the group Ⅱ,and the sample 3,4,6,7 and 8 were in the group III.The classification of the samples might be related to the contents of aconitum alkaloids and fritillaria alkaloids.The toxicity of Aconitum and Fritillaria in a certain proportion was increased,especially after the treatment with the gastric solutions,the toxicity was further increased,and however,after the treatment with the intestinal solutions,the toxicity was decreased.Conclusion： The ＂Aconitum anti Fritillaria＂ is incompatible under certain conditions,which might be related to the proportion of the compatibility and the release site in vivo.