2011年甘肃省碘缺乏病监测健康教育效果评价

目的 调查和评估甘肃省碘缺乏病健康教育工作效果,为适时采取针对性防治措施和调整干预策略提供依据.方法 全省PPS抽取30个县,共调查1 815人,其中小学生912人,家庭主妇903人.结果 学生和家庭主妇的防治知晓率分别为62.2%和71.4%、及格率分别为67.8%和84.6%;＂人体缺碘的主要危害＂、＂预防缺碘最好的方法＂、＂市场袋装盐的碘盐图案＂学生和家庭主妇的知晓率分别为76.4%和85.1%、66.2%和83.3%、88.3%和82.6%,女生和男生的知晓率分别为77.1%和75.8%、68.0%和64.5%、87.3%和89.2%;学生和家庭主妇获得碘缺乏病知识的主要来源是学校和医生;项目县主动向父母讲述碘缺乏病知识的学生比例最高为100.0%,最低只有3.1%;不同文化程度家庭主妇知识及格率、平均分具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,不同职业家庭主妇知识平均分有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 经过近几年的努力,我省碘缺乏病健康教育工作取得了一定成绩,但仍存在薄弱环节,应进一步加强学校和家庭主妇健康教育工作,充分发挥学生和家庭主妇在碘缺乏病防治中的作用.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of health education on iodine deficiency disorders in Gansu province in 2011

Objective To investigate and assess the effectiveness of health education of iodine deficiency disorders in Gansu Province, and to lay foundation for the timely intervention and adjustment of control measures. Methods A total of 30 counties were extracted and 1815 people were investigated, including 912 primary school students and 903 housewives. Results The average awareness rates of primary school students and housewives were 62.2 % and 71.4%, and the pass rates were 67.8% and 84.6~, respectively. The students and housewives＇ average awareness rates of ＂the major harms of iodine deficiency＂, ＂the best method to prevent iodine deficiency＂, and＂the pattern of market bagged iodized salt＂ were 76.4% and 85.1%, 66.2% and 83.3%, 88.3% and 82.6%. And the average awareness rates of girls and boys were 77.1% and 75.8%, 68.0% and 64. 5%, 87.3% and 89. 2%, respectively. Students and housewives obtained knowledge of iodine deficiency disorders mainly from teachers and doctors. In the project counties, the maximum rate of students who took initiative to spread the knowledge of iodine deficiency disorders to parents was 100.0 %, and the minimum rate was 3.1%. The pass rate and the average score on the prevention knowledge among housewives with different degrees of education were statistically significant （P 〈0.05）, and the average scores of housewives with different occupations were statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Conclusions With years of efforts, we have made some achievements in the health education of iodine deficiency disorders, and we should further strengthen the roles of schools and housewives in the work of health education.