北京奥运会对增强沈阳市民凝聚力心理因素的研究

以哲学和社会学为视角，以社会心理、心理学理论和体育学为基础，运用心理测量和访谈法，对奥运会提升市民凝聚力的心理因素进行探讨。结果表明，沈阳市民对北京举办奥运会带来的整体效益给予高度认可；奥运会增强的群体凝聚力主要是由人们的认同感、归属感和力量感3个维度构成。随着年龄的增加，奥运会在市民凝聚力、认同感、归属感和力量感上的表现强度也增大。女性对奥运会的情感体验优于男性；老年人和文化程度低的人比中青年人和文化程度高的人凝聚力更强。随着文化程度的提高，关注程度有所下降。这些差异主要是由于不同年龄阶段的教育和时代背景不同造成的；市民对我国在2008年第29届奥运会上取得的成绩的期望值较高，并认为奥运会对国际地位和形象、经济意识、文化价值、道德水平的增强作用都具有非常重要的社会效益。

Study on the Mental Factors of Improving Shenyang Citizens'''' Cohesion through the Beijing Olympic Games

From the angle of philosophy and sociology,on the basis of the social psychology,the theory of psychology and sport science,this paper discussed the effects of the Olympic Games on improving the Citizens' cohesion with the methods of psychological measurement and interview.The result showed that citizens highly admitted the whole benefit of hosting Beijing Olympic Games.The cohesion improved through Olympic Games consisted of the dimensions of perception of identification,affiliation and strength.The representation intensity of citizen's cohesion became higher with the age increased.The emotional experience of female citizens was much more than that of male citizens,the cohesion intension of the people of the elder age and lower educational level was stronger than that of the junior and the adults and the people of higher educational level.Meanwhile,the attention extent became decrease following the educational level increasing.The reason of differences was the background of education and times was different in different age stage.Furthermore,citizens had higher expectation on China performance achieved in the Beijing Olympic Games,and thought the improvement of Olympic Games in traditional status and visualization,economical awareness,cultural value and the level of moral had very important social benefit.