2016-2019年南昌地区泌尿生殖道支原体感染现状及药敏分析

目的了解南昌地区泌尿生殖道支原体感染情况并进行药敏分析,为临床规范使用抗菌药物提供参考依据。方法对2016—2019年该院103254例疑似泌尿生殖道支原体感染患者的感染情况和药敏试验结果进行回顾性分析。结果103254例标本中共检出支原体阳性标本50970例,感染率为49.36%,其中解脲脲原体(Uu)感染41478例(40.17%),人型支原体(Mh)感染970例(0.94%),Uu+Mh混合感染8522例(8.25%);Uu感染率明显高于Mh和Uu+Mh,连续4年总体呈上升趋势,而Mh感染率呈下降趋势,Uu+Mh混合感染率相对稳定。女性Uu、Mh、Uu+Mh感染率分别为45.46%、1.08%、9.20%,明显高于男性的28.81%、0.64%、6.22%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。≤20岁年龄段人群支原体感染率(51.32%)最高。Uu、Mh和Uu+Mh对强力霉素、美满霉素、四环素及交沙霉素敏感性较高,耐药率较低;Uu、Mh和Uu+Mh对喹诺酮类药物的敏感性均较低,耐药率较高;Uu对除交沙霉素外的大环内酯类药物阿奇霉素、克拉霉素和罗红霉素敏感性较高,对红霉素耐药率较高,而Mh和Uu+Mh对该类药物耐药率均较高;Uu、Mh和Uu+Mh对阿奇霉素、克拉霉素的耐药率连续4年逐年小幅下降。结论强力霉素、美满霉素、四环素及交沙霉素可首选用于该地区泌尿生殖道支原体感染的治疗。南昌地区Uu感染率总体呈上升趋势,应重视对该地区支原体感染的实时监控,加强临床对抗菌药物的合理使用。

Status quo of urogenital tract mycoplasma infection and drug susceptibility analysis in Nanchang area during 2016-2019

Objective To understand the situation of urogenital tract mycoplasma infection,and to conduct the drug susceptibility analysis in Nanchang area to provide a basis for clinical standardized use of antibacterial drugs.Methods The infection situation and drug sensitivity test among the patients with suspected urogenital tract mycoplasma infection in this hospital during 2016-2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Results Among 103254 cases of specimens,50970 cases of mycoplasma positive specimens were detected out with the infection rate of 49.36%,in which 41478 cases(40.17%)were ureaplasma urealyticum(Uu)infection,970 cases(0.94%)were mycoplasma hominis(Mh)infection and 8522 cases(8.25%)were Uu+Mh infection.The Uu infection rate was significantly higher than that of Mh and Uu+Mh,and it was gradually increased for successive four years,while the Mh infection rate showed the decreasing trend,and the Uu+Mh infection rate remained relatively stable.The Uu,Mh and Uu+Mh infection rates of females were 45.46%,1.08%and 9.20%respectively,which were significantly higher than 28.81%,0.64%and 6.22%of the males,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The infection rate of Mycoplasma(51.32%)was the highest among the people under 20 years old.Uu,Mh and Uu+Mh were highly sensitive to doxycycline,minocycline,tetracycline and josamycine,and the drug resistance rates were low.The sensitivities of Uu,Mh and Uu+Mh to quinolone were low,and the resistance rates were high.The sensitivity of Uu to macrolide drugs azithromycin,clarithromycin and roxithromycin except for josamycine was high,but its resistance rate to erythromycin was high,while the resistance rates of Mh and Uu+Mh to these drugs were high.The resistance rates of Uu,Mh and Uu+Mh to azithromycin and clarithromycin were slightly decreased for four years.Conclusion Doxycycline,minocycline,tetracycline and josamycine can be considered as the first choice for the treatment of urogenital tract mycoplasma infection in this region.The Uu infection rate is increasing in general,the attention should be paid to the real time monitoring of mycoplasma infection and the rational use of antibacterial drugs should be strengthened in clinic.