3D打印用聚合物材料的进展

3D打印技术是1种快速成型技术(Rapid Prototyping),以三维数字模型为基础,采用不同的材料,通过逐层打印构造实物。目前用量最大、应用最广、成型方式最多的材料是聚合物材料。综述了 ABS、PLA、PCL、TPU、光敏树脂、高分子水凝胶及其复合材料的研究进展。近5年的研究成果表明,聚合物材料的综合力学性能得到提高,而且向着智能化方向发展,广泛应用于电、磁、医学等领域。同时,与聚合物匹配的3D打印技术不断革新,速度和精度得到大幅度提升。最后,针对聚合物材料改性过程中存在的界面、加工问题,提出了可行的研究思路。

Research Progress of Polymer Materials for 3D Printing

Rapid Prototyping ( RP), which is more colloquially referred to as 3D printing, and it is a process of joining materials to create objects of 3D model data onto layer by layer printing. At present, polymer materials are the most widely used materials and the most moulding methods. A state-of-the-art review of materials for 3D printing is discussed, mainly including ABS, PLA, PCL,TPU , photosensitive resin, polymer hydrogels and the composite. The research results in the past five years show that the target material not only improve the comprehensive mechanical properties, but also develop towards intellectualization. It is applied to the fields of electricity, magnetism, medicine and so on. Meanwhile, the 3D printing technology matching polymer has been innovated continuously, the speed and precision have been greatly increased. Finally, the feasible research ideas are put forward in view of the interfacial and processing problems existing on modification.