孕妇生殖道B族链球菌感染与胎膜早破的关系及其对母婴预后和新生儿听力筛查的影响

目的:探讨孕妇生殖道B族链球菌(GBS)感染与胎膜早破(PROM)的关系及其对母婴预后和新生儿听力筛查的影响。方法:选取2017年1月到2019年1月期间在我院接受治疗的PROM患者100例作为PROM组,另选取同期住院的正常妊娠孕妇100例作为对照组,PROM组患者根据是否合并GBS感染分为GBS阳性组和GBS阴性组。比较PROM组和对照组的GBS阳性率,比较GBS阳性组和GBS阴性组早产、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息、新生儿肺炎、产褥感染的发生率及新生儿听力筛查的通过率。结果:PROM组的GBS阳性率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。GBS阳性组早产、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息、新生儿肺炎、产褥感染的发生率均明显高于GBS阴性组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),GBS阳性组在初筛和复筛时听力筛查通过率均低于GBS阴性组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:孕妇生殖道GBS感染与PROM密切相关,并可增加不良妊娠结局发生的风险,在一定程度上影响了新生儿的听力功能,对母婴预后造成不良影响。

The Relationship between Genital Tract Group B Streptococcus Infection and Premature Rupture of Membranes in Pregnant Women and Its Effect on Maternal and Infant Prognosis, and Neonatal Hearing Screening

ABSTRACT Objective: To explore the relationship between group B sreptococcus (GBS) infection and premature rupture of membranes (PROM) in pregnant women and its effect on maternal and infant prognosis, and neonatal hearing screening. Methods: 100 patients with PROM who were treated in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2019 were selected as the PROM group. Another 100 normal pregnant women who were hospitalized during the same period were selected as the control group. The patients in the PROM group were divided into GBS positive group and GBS negative group according to whether they were combined with GBS infection. The positive rates of GBS in the PROM group and the control group were compared, and the prevalence of premature delivery, fetal distress, neonatal asphyxia, neonatal pneumonia, puerperal infection, and neonatal hearing screening were compared between GBS positive group and GBS negative group. Results: The positive rate of GBS in the PROM group was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The prevalence of premature delivery, fetal distress, neonatal asphyxia, neonatal pneumonia, and puerperal infection in GBS-positive group were significantly higher than those in GBS-negative group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The pass rate of hearing screening in GBS positive group was lower than that in GBS negative group at the time of initial screening and re-screening, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The genital tract GBS infection in pregnant women is closely related to PROM, and it can also increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, which will affect the hearing function of newborns to a certain extent and adversely affect the maternal and infant prognosis.