聚双酚酸苯基磷酸酯的合成及其与APP协同阻燃EVA的研究

摘要：采用来源于生物质资源的双酚酸为原料，利用界面聚合法合成新型阻燃剂聚双酚酸苯基磷酸酯(poly(DPA PDCP)).探索了时间、催化剂用量、氢氧化钠用量等因素对其产率的影响，在优化的工艺条件下（室温、催化剂摩尔分数为0.04，nNaOH∶nDPA=3，反应时间为0.5 h），poly(DPA PDCP)产率可达75%.当poly(DPA PDCP)与APP以1∶4比例复配阻燃EVA，总添加量质量分数为30%时，EVA的氧指数达到25.7%；锥形量热测试表明最大热释放速率降低61%；TGA测试显示起始分解温度较纯EVA提高32 ℃，最大分解温度提高20 ℃，同时在600 ℃的残炭量质量分数高达27%.结果表明，poly(DPA PDCP)与APP复配阻燃体系主要以固相阻燃机理为主；poly(DPA PDCP)主要作为碳源，与APP配合使用时存在协同阻燃效应.

Synthesis of a novel polyphosphate and its synergism with APP in flame retardant EVA

A novel phosphorus-containing flame retardant,poly（DPA-PDCP）,was synthesized by interfacial polycondensation from DPA（diphenolic acid）,a compound can be produced from biomass.The effects of reaction time,tetrabutyl ammonium chloride dose and NaOH dose on yields were analyzed.The experiment results showed that the optimum reaction conditions are as follows： T=25 ℃,nTBAC∶nDPA=4%,nNaOH∶nDPA=3,1 h.The yield of the product was about 75%.Poly（DPA-PDCP） has good synergism with ammonium polyphosphate（APP） in flame retarding EVA.An LOI value of 25% can be achieved when the total loading of poly（DPA-PDCP）/APP（mass ratio=4/1） was 30wt.%.The results of cone calorimeter indicates that the heat release rate（HRR） decreased by 62% when compared with those of neat EVA.TG curves showed that the initial decomposition temperature increased 32 ℃ and the amount of residues at 600 ℃ reached 27%.The results showed that the mechanism of poly（DPA-PDCP）/APP is the solid-phase flame-retardant mechanism.poly（DPA-PDCP） was carbon resource,when used together with APP existed distinct synergistic flame-ratardant effect.