内镜逆行胰胆管造影术（ERCP）中放射工作人员有效剂量估算与分析

目的 通过调查取得ERCP手术的相关参数,模拟ERCP手术过程,借助仿真人体模型、热释光剂量计,测量计算吸收剂量,为估算放射工作人员受照剂量提供基础数据。方法 通过现场调查的ERCP过程的透视时间及摄片帧数,选取实验照射条件进行照射,用仿真人体模型替代放射工作人员,测量吸收剂量。结果 共选取5组实验条件,包括放射工作人员未穿铅衣的L、M、S组和穿铅衣后的M、L剂量组。S组（无铅衣）有效剂量为2.63 μSv,M组（无铅衣）有效剂量为9.38 μSv,M组（有铅衣）有效剂量为0.58 μSv,L组（无铅衣）有效剂量为29.11 μSv,L组（有铅衣）有效剂量为7.48 μSv。结论 放射工作人员有效剂量随着透视时间的增加而增加;穿戴铅衣组别的有效剂量明显低于未穿戴铅衣的组别。虽然在床侧装有铅帘,床旁设有铅屏,但放射工作人员的个人防护用品仍不容忽视。

The estimation and analysis of effective dose to radiation workers during ERCP

Objective Through investigation of endoscopic retrograde pancreatic angiography (ERCP) in the operation in hospital, the related parameters of radiation dose were obtained, and the process of surgery was simulated. Through simulation of human body model and thermoluminescent dosemeter, the absorbed dose was measured and calculated, to provide basic data for estimating the dose of radiation workers. Methods Throuth investigation of the equipment in the process of ERCP, we acquired the perspective time and radiography frames, selected experimental irradiation conditions for irradiation, and replaced radiation workers with simulation human body model to measure absorbed dose.Results Five groups of experimental conditions were selected, including the long (L), medium (M) and short (S) groups of radiation workers without lead clothing and M and L group with lead clothing. The effective dose for S group (lead-free clothing) was 2.63 μSv, the M group (lead-free clothing) 9.38 μSv, the M group (with lead coating) 0.58 μSv, the L group (lead-free clothing) 29.11 μSv, and the L group (with lead coating) 7.48 μSv. Conclusion The effective dose of radiation workers increased with the increase of fluoroscopy time. The effective dose of the group wearing lead clothing was significantly lower than that of the group without lead clothing. Although there is a lead curtain on the side of the bed and a lead screen beside the bed, the personal protective equipment for radiation workers should not be ignored.