多车多件货物平衡装载优化研究

基于重心平衡的货物装载要求在提高车厢装载率的同时实现货物装载重心的优化,这对于货物安全高效运输具有重要的意义。针对多件不同规格的矩形物品装载于多个车厢的平衡装载问题,提出了同时对多辆车以对称的形式进行装载的思想,并设计了改进后的贪婪自适应搜索算法来实现这一过程;通过设计2种改进策略,对初始解进一步优化;最后提出了对部分已装载货物位移以改善各车厢重心分布的方法。经过实例运算和分析,证明本文提出的方法能快速制定货物平衡装载布局方案,并达到车辆的高效利用及货物安全运输的要求。

An Optimization of Multi-Freights Loading into Multi-Cars with Balancing Constraints

The freights loading based on balancing constraints aims to improve the utilization rate of the available capacity of the car and the balance level of the center of gravity as well. It is important for the safe and high performance of the freight transportation. In terms of the optimization of packing multi-category rectangular freights into multi-car, an idea is proposed that the freights are loaded symmetrically from the two sides of the cars. An improved GASP algorithm is designed to fulfill the freights loading process and two strategies are introduced to improve the initial result of the placement. Through moving parts of the freights in the intermediate positions, the optimization of the center of gravities for each loaded cars is realized. The instance demonstrates that the algorithm can quickly generate the balancing packing plan, by which the higher utilization rates of the cars and the safe requirements for the transportation are all well met.