基于GIS的围场县洪水灾害风险区划分析

鉴于洪水灾害风险区划是研究洪水灾害的主要手段,也是评估和管理洪灾的重要内容。以围场县为例,根据其历史洪水资料和实地考察资料建立指标模型,确定了洪水灾害评估指标体系,利用GIS技术对体系中各因子进行分析、统计、聚类、插值和重分类得到各因子的空间分布图,并通过GIS的栅格数据叠加分析得到洪水灾害基本单元,进而采用层次分析法确定了各因子的权重,由此得到了围场县洪水灾害风险区划图。结果表明,围场县洪水灾害风险从西北到东南逐渐增大,围场镇附近风险最高;坝上地区洪水灾害风险较低,高洪水灾害风险区集中在伊逊河流域。

Zoning of Flood Disaster Risk in Weichang County Based on GIS

Zoning of flood disaster risk is the primary tool for study of flood disasters and it is important content for assessment and management of flood disasters. Through analysis of history flood data and the field survey data of Weichang County, the index model was established and the flood disaster assessment index system was determined. The spatial distribution maps of each factor in the study area were acquired through the analysis, statistic, interpolation and reclassification of factors using GIS technology. The basic units of flood disaster were also obtained through the GIS overlay analysis from grid data. Then the weight of each factor is determined with AHP. Finally, the flood disaster risk zoning map was obtained. The result shows that the flood disaster risk of Weichang County is gradually increased from northwest to southeast, and the risk reaches the highest in Weichang Town; the risk of Bashang area is lower, and high risk areas concentrated in the Yixun river basin.