矿山充填技术的演进历程与基本类别

充填采矿技术是实现矿山绿色发展的重要技术载体，在历时几十年矿山实践中有了长足发展。在综述常规矿山充填技术发展历程和基本类别的基础上，提出以矿山充填、固废处置、采空区再利用、地热开 发、战略资源储备和智能控制等为协同发展目标，以充填能效为发展主线，将矿山充填技术演进历程划分为体积性充填、结构性充填、功能性充填和智能性充填4个阶段，分别从概念、功能和基本类别等进行了论述。 认为目前矿山充填发展阶段为结构性充填，随着矿山生产实践与科学技术的不断发展，功能性充填和智能性充填将成为矿山充填发展的新方向，进一步革新充填材料、充填工艺和充填装备，将对深地矿产资源开发与 未来矿山转型升级等产生重要而又深远的影响。

Development History and Basic Categories of Mine Backfill Technology

Cemented paste backfill(CPB)is an important technology carrier to realize the green development of mining,which has made great progress in decades of mining practice.On the basis of summarizing the development process and basic categories of conventional CPB,the paper puts forward the coordinated development goals of CPB,solid waste disposal,goaf reuse,geothermal development,strategic resource reserve and intelligent control,and takes CPB energy efficiency as the main line of development.The evolution process of CPB technology is divided into four stages:volumetric backfill,structural backfill,functional backfill and intelligent backfill,respectively.Correspondingly,the concepts,functions and categories are discussed in detail.It is concluded that the current development stage of CPB is structural backfill.With the continuous development of mine production practice and science and technology,functional backfill and intelligent backfill will become the new development direction of CPB.It will further innovate backfill materials,backfill technologies and backfill equipments,and have an important and far-reaching impact on deep mineral resources exploitation and the transformation and upgrading of mines in the future.