梅州金柚柚皮膳食纤维的理化性质分析

本文采用酶法对金柚中总膳食纤维、水溶性膳食纤维、水不溶性膳食纤维分别进行提取,并对其结构、理化性质以及肠道功能进行评价。结果表明:金柚柚皮中总膳食纤维含量为65.72%,其中可溶性、水不溶性膳食纤维的得率分别为15.13%%和43.21%;总膳食纤维结构为多孔珊瑚状,水溶性膳食纤维表面有多处孔洞,水不溶性膳食纤维结构较平整;三者均含有丰富的葡萄糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖;水不溶性膳食纤维的持水力和膨胀力较好,分别为6.68 g/g和27.61 g/g;在2.5 mg/mL和10 mg/mL的体系中,水溶性膳食纤维抑制葡萄糖扩散效果更好,为0.11mg/(mL·h);水不溶性膳食纤维对α-淀粉酶抑制效果最好,此时α-淀粉酶活性为93.90%;水溶性纤维破坏胆固醇能力最强,分别为7.20%和9.40%。同时,水溶性膳食纤维具有更优越的DPPH·清除能力和铁离子还原能力。通过酶解法制得的柚皮膳食纤维有较好的理化性质,可以作为优良的食品添加剂在食品中应用。

Physical and Chemical Properties of Dietary Fiber of Meizhou Golden Pomelo Peel

In this work, the total dietary fiber, water-soluble dietary fiber and water-insoluble dietary fiber in golden pomelo were extracted by enzymatic method. Their structure, physicochemical properties and intestinal function were evaluated. The results showed that the content of total dietary fiber in the peel was 65.72%, and the yield of soluble and water-insoluble dietary fiber were 15.13% and 43.21%, respectively. The structure of the total dietary fiber was porous coral. The water-soluble dietary fiber had many holes on the surface, and the structure of water-insoluble dietary fiber was smooth. All kinds of dietary fiber were rich in glucose, arabinose and xylose. The water holding capacity and swelling capacity of water-insoluble dietary fiber were better, which were 6.68 g/g and 27.61 g/g, respectively. In the 2.5 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL systems, water-soluble dietary fiber had a better inhibitory effect on glucose diffusion 0.11 mg/(mL·h). Water-insoluble dietary fiber had the best inhibitory effect on alpha-amylase, and alpha-amylase activity was 93.90%±0.02%. Water-soluble fiber had the strongest ability to destroy cholesterol, and the destruction rate were 7.20% and 9.40%, respectively. The water-soluble dietary fiber also had better DPPH· scavenging ability and iron reduction ability. The dietary fiber of pomelo peel obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis had better physicochemical properties and could be used as an excellent food additive in food.